DeStefano Frank, Verstraeten Thomas, Chen Robert T
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia 30341-3724, USA.
Expert Rev Vaccines. 2002 Dec;1(4):461-6. doi: 10.1586/14760584.1.4.461.
The possibility that hepatitis B vaccine may cause or exacerbate multiple sclerosis stems from several case reports of onset or recurrence of symptoms of CNS demyelination shortly following vaccination. It is difficult, however, to infer causation from individual case reports since they may simply represent coincidental temporal associations with vaccination. There is only weak, nonspecific evidence to support the biological plausibility of an association between hepatitis B vaccine and multiple sclerosis. Epidemiological studies have found that hepatitis B vaccine does not increase the risk of developing multiple sclerosis or cause exacerbations. The US Institute of Medicine and other review panels have concluded that the evidence favors rejection of a causal association between hepatitis B vaccine and multiple sclerosis.
乙肝疫苗可能引发或加重多发性硬化症，这一可能性源于数例接种疫苗后不久即出现中枢神经系统脱髓鞘症状发作或复发的病例报告。然而，仅依据个别病例报告很难推断因果关系，因为这些报告可能仅仅是与疫苗接种在时间上的巧合关联。仅有微弱、非特异性的证据支持乙肝疫苗与多发性硬化症之间存在关联的生物学合理性。流行病学研究发现，乙肝疫苗不会增加患多发性硬化症的风险，也不会导致病情加重。美国医学研究所及其他评审小组得出结论，现有证据倾向于否定乙肝疫苗与多发性硬化症之间存在因果关联。
