Jacobson Sheldon H, Sewell Edward C, Allwine Daniel A, Medina Enrique A, Weniger Bruce G
Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Illinois, Urbana, USA.
Expert Rev Vaccines. 2003 Feb;2(1):15-9. doi: 10.1586/14760584.2.1.15.
The National Immunization Program, housed within the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention in the USA, has identified several challenges that must be faced in childhood immunization programs to deliver and procure vaccines that immunize children from the plethora of childhood diseases. The biomedical issues cited include how drug manufacturers can combine and formulate vaccines, how such vaccines are scheduled and administered and how economically sound vaccine procurement can be achieved. This review discusses how operations research models can be used to address the economics of pediatric vaccine formulary design and pricing, as well as how such models can be used to address a new set of pediatric formulary problems that will surface with the introduction of pediatric combination vaccines into the US pediatric immunization market.
美国疾病控制与预防中心下属的国家免疫规划署已经确定了儿童免疫规划在配送和采购疫苗以保护儿童免受多种儿童疾病侵害方面必须面对的若干挑战。所列举的生物医学问题包括药品制造商如何组合和配制疫苗、此类疫苗如何安排接种和给药，以及如何实现经济合理的疫苗采购。本综述讨论了运筹学模型如何用于解决儿科疫苗配方设计和定价的经济学问题，以及此类模型如何用于解决随着儿科联合疫苗引入美国儿科免疫市场而出现的一系列新的儿科配方问题。
