Bhalla Prem L
Plant and Molecular Biology and Biotechnology Laboratory, Institute of Land and Food Resources, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.
Expert Rev Vaccines. 2003 Feb;2(1):75-84. doi: 10.1586/14760584.2.1.75.
Type I allergy is an immunoglobulin E-mediated disease, representing a major health problem affecting more than 25% of the world's population. Grass, birch and ragweed pollen are a major source of environmental allergen. Specific immunotherapy is clinically proven to be an effective treatment for allergic conditions that involve the administration of crude extracts prepared from natural sources with potential life-threatening anaphylactic side effects. Recent developments in the molecular biology of pollen allergens have made it possible to design novel therapeutic approaches for improved and safer forms of specific immunotherapy. Hypoallergenic forms of major allergens with reduced immunoglobulin E epitopes have been produced using genetic engineering, whilst preserving other characteristics of the molecule that are able to induce a protective response. These modified forms are expected to make allergen-specific immunotherapy more widely used.
I型过敏是一种由免疫球蛋白E介导的疾病，是一个影响超过世界25%人口的主要健康问题。草、桦树和豚草花粉是环境过敏原的主要来源。特异性免疫疗法在临床上已被证明是治疗过敏性疾病的有效方法，该疗法涉及使用从天然来源制备的粗提取物，这些提取物可能会产生危及生命的过敏副作用。花粉过敏原分子生物学的最新进展使得设计新型治疗方法以实现更安全有效的特异性免疫疗法成为可能。通过基因工程已经生产出具有减少免疫球蛋白E表位的主要过敏原的低敏形式，同时保留了该分子能够诱导保护性反应的其他特性。这些修饰形式有望使过敏原特异性免疫疗法得到更广泛的应用。
