Irsigler K
III. Medizinischen Abteilung, Stoffwechselkrankheiten und Nephrologie und Ludwig-Boltzmann-Institut für Stoffwechselerkrankugen und Ernährung, Krankenhaus Wien-Lainz.
Acta Med Austriaca. 1992;19(4):100-5.
Type 1 diabetic patients experience symptomatic hypoglycemia once or twice a week. 30% of insulin-treated patients suffer from hypoglycemic coma at least once during their life, 10% at least once a year. 3% are incapacitated by frequent and severe attacks, 3 to 4% die from hypoglycemia. In contrast the incidence of symptomatic hypoglycemia in sulfonylurea-treated patients is about 0.2 per 1000 patients' years, the mortality of severe attacks being about 8%. The cause of hypoglycemia is always an excess of insulin, in absolute or relative terms. Additional precipitating factors are defective counterregulation after longer duration of diabetes, as well as a lowered threshold for counterregulation and/or for perception of warning symptoms, as seen under strict glycemic control. Considering the risks associated with hypoglycemia, preventive measures must be emphasized.
1型糖尿病患者每周会出现一到两次症状性低血糖。30%接受胰岛素治疗的患者一生中至少经历过一次低血糖昏迷，10%的患者每年至少经历一次。3%的患者因频繁严重发作而丧失能力，3%至4%的患者死于低血糖。相比之下，接受磺脲类药物治疗的患者中症状性低血糖的发生率约为每1000患者年0.2例，严重发作的死亡率约为8%。低血糖的原因总是胰岛素绝对或相对过量。其他促发因素包括糖尿病病程较长后反调节功能缺陷，以及在严格血糖控制下反调节和/或警告症状感知阈值降低。考虑到低血糖相关风险，必须强调预防措施。
