Varenhorst E, Carlsson P, Capik E, Löfman O, Pedersen K V
Department of Urology, County Hospital, Norrköping, Sweden.
Acta Oncol. 1992;31(8):815-21. doi: 10.3109/02841869209089713.
Of 9,026 males aged 50-69 years, 1,494 were randomly selected and invited to participate in a programme including two screenings for carcinoma of the prostate by digital rectal examination performed in 1987 and 1990. The remaining 7,532 served as a control group. Of the selected persons, 78% accepted the invitation to the first screening round and 70% to the second one. Carcinoma of the prostate was suspected in 45 of 1,163 men examined at the first screening round and in 42 of 953 at the second round. Carcinoma was confirmed by fine-needle aspiration biopsy in 13 cases from the first and in 7 from the second round. In the study group, 17.4 carcinomas were diagnosed per 1,000 men and in the control group 8.6 per 1,000 men. The screening cost was 1,640 pounds per detected cancer and 2,343 pounds per detected and potentially cured cancer. Screening for carcinoma of the prostate by digital rectal examination can be organised with a high population acceptance, and at a reasonable cost. The impact of screening on mortality in prostatic cancer remains uncertain.
在9026名年龄在50至69岁的男性中，随机挑选了1494人，并邀请他们参加一个项目，该项目包括在1987年和1990年通过直肠指检对前列腺癌进行两次筛查。其余7532人作为对照组。在被选中的人中，78%接受了第一轮筛查的邀请，70%接受了第二轮筛查的邀请。在第一轮筛查的1163名男性中，有45人被怀疑患有前列腺癌；在第二轮筛查的953名男性中，有42人被怀疑患有前列腺癌。通过细针穿刺活检，第一轮筛查中有13例确诊为癌症，第二轮筛查中有7例确诊为癌症。在研究组中，每1000名男性中有17.4例被诊断出患有癌症，在对照组中，每1000名男性中有8.6例被诊断出患有癌症。筛查成本为每发现一例癌症1640英镑，每发现一例并可能治愈的癌症2343英镑。通过直肠指检筛查前列腺癌可以获得较高的人群接受度，且成本合理。筛查对前列腺癌死亡率的影响仍不确定。
