MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2003 Aug 8;52(31):739-40.
In October 2002, CDC recommended that all persons with cochlear implants receive age-appropriate pneumococcal vaccination with 7-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV7) (Prevnar), 23-valent pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine (PPV23) (Pneumovax), or both according to the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP) schedules for persons at high risk. CDC issued these recommendations on the basis of preliminary data suggesting an increased risk for pneumococcal meningitis in persons with cochlear implants. Findings of a recent investigation by CDC, the Food and Drug Administration (FDA), and state health departments support this recommendation. Children aged <6 years with a cochlear implant had a substantially greater risk for having pneumococcal meningitis, compared with children in the general U.S. population of the same age. Some children who are candidates for cochlear implants have pre-existing anatomic factors that might contribute to an increased risk for meningitis; however, the recent study was not designed to assess this association.
2002年10月，美国疾病控制与预防中心（CDC）建议，所有接受了人工耳蜗植入的人，应根据免疫实践咨询委员会（ACIP）针对高危人群的免疫接种时间表，接种适合其年龄的7价肺炎球菌结合疫苗（PCV7）（沛儿）、23价肺炎球菌多糖疫苗（PPV23）（纽莫法），或两种疫苗都接种。CDC发布这些建议的依据是初步数据，这些数据表明接受人工耳蜗植入的人患肺炎球菌性脑膜炎的风险有所增加。CDC、美国食品药品监督管理局（FDA）和各州卫生部门最近的一项调查结果支持了这一建议。与美国同年龄段的普通儿童相比，年龄小于6岁且接受了人工耳蜗植入的儿童患肺炎球菌性脑膜炎的风险要高得多。一些人工耳蜗植入候选儿童存在一些可能导致脑膜炎风险增加的解剖学因素；然而，最近的这项研究并非旨在评估这种关联。
