Huang Emina H, Kaufman Howard L
Department of Surgery, College of Physicians & Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA.
Expert Rev Vaccines. 2002 Jun;1(1):49-63. doi: 10.1586/14760584.1.1.49.
Carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), the first tumor-associated antigen to be described, was cloned in 1987 and is expressed on nearly 50% of all human tumors. The identification of T-cell specific epitopes within the coding region of the CEA protein has led to the development of various vaccine strategies that target CEA and CEA-expressing tumors. These vaccines have shown evidence of therapeutic effectiveness in animal models and are being evaluated in early phase clinical trials. Although trials are not designed to elucidate clinical responses, they have provided important information about the ability of individual vaccines to induce CEA-specific immune responses through the use of newer in vitro monitoring assays. Continued clinical testing in patients with less advanced disease and the administration of vaccines in combination with other standard therapy will help define the role of CEA-based vaccines in the treatment and prevention of human cancer.
癌胚抗原（CEA）是首个被描述的肿瘤相关抗原，于1987年被克隆，在近50%的人类肿瘤中表达。在CEA蛋白编码区内鉴定出T细胞特异性表位，促使人们开发出多种针对CEA及表达CEA的肿瘤的疫苗策略。这些疫苗在动物模型中已显示出治疗有效性的证据，并且正在进行早期临床试验评估。尽管这些试验并非旨在阐明临床反应，但通过使用更新的体外监测分析方法，它们已提供了关于各疫苗诱导CEA特异性免疫反应能力的重要信息。在病情不太严重的患者中持续进行临床试验，以及将疫苗与其他标准疗法联合使用，将有助于明确基于CEA的疫苗在人类癌症治疗和预防中的作用。
