Burdge Graham C, Delange Emmanuelle, Dubois Ludivine, Dunn Rebecca L, Hanson Mark A, Jackson Alan A, Calder Philip C
Institute of Human Nutrition, Biomedical Sciences Building (62), University of Southampton, Bassett Crescent East, Southampton SO16 7PX, UK.
Br J Nutr. 2003 Aug;90(2):345-52. doi: 10.1079/bjn2003909.
Reduced protein intake during pregnancy decreased maternal hepatic and plasma docosahexaenoic acid concentrations and impaired docosahexaenoic acid accumulation into fetal brain in the rat. The present study investigated whether restriction of maternal protein intake during pregnancy in the rat alters membrane phospholipid fatty acid composition in the offspring after weaning. Female rats (six per group) were mated and fed diets containing either 180 or 90 g protein/kg throughout pregnancy. Mothers were transferred to standard chow after delivery and the litters reduced to eight pups. Weaning was at 28 d and pups were killed 5 to 6 d later. Tissue weights or membrane total phosphatidylcholine (PC) and phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) concentrations in the offspring did not differ between dietary groups. There were significant differences between the 180 and 90 g/kg groups in liver, brain, lung and heart fatty acid composition that differed between tissues and phospholipid classes. For example, docosahexaenoic and arachidonic acid concentrations were 23 and 10 % lower respectively in hepatic PC, but not PE, in the 90 g/kg group. In brain, docosahexaenoic acid concentration was 17 % lower in PC, but not PE, while arachidonic acid content was 21 % greater in PE but unchanged in PC. The greatest differences were in unsaturated fatty acids, which suggests alterations to desaturase activities and/or the specificity of phospholipid biosynthesis. These results suggest that restricted maternal protein intake during pregnancy results in persistent alterations to membrane fatty acid content.
孕期蛋白质摄入量减少会降低大鼠母体肝脏和血浆中的二十二碳六烯酸浓度，并损害二十二碳六烯酸在胎儿大脑中的积累。本研究调查了孕期限制大鼠母体蛋白质摄入量是否会改变断奶后子代的膜磷脂脂肪酸组成。将雌性大鼠（每组6只）交配，并在整个孕期饲喂含180或90 g蛋白质/千克的日粮。分娩后，将母鼠转移至标准饲料，并将每窝幼崽数量减少至8只。28日龄时断奶，断奶后5至6天处死幼崽。不同日粮组子代的组织重量或膜总磷脂酰胆碱（PC）和磷脂酰乙醇胺（PE）浓度没有差异。180和90 g/kg组在肝脏、大脑、肺和心脏的脂肪酸组成上存在显著差异，这些差异因组织和磷脂类别而异。例如，在90 g/kg组中，肝脏PC中的二十二碳六烯酸和花生四烯酸浓度分别降低了23%和10%，但PE中没有变化。在大脑中，PC中的二十二碳六烯酸浓度降低了17%，但PE中没有变化，而PE中的花生四烯酸含量增加了21%，PC中则没有变化。最大的差异存在于不饱和脂肪酸中，这表明去饱和酶活性和/或磷脂生物合成的特异性发生了改变。这些结果表明，孕期母体蛋白质摄入量受限会导致膜脂肪酸含量持续改变。
