Yu K M
Shanghai Institute for Pediatric Research.
Zhonghua Fu Chan Ke Za Zhi. 1992 Jul;27(4):217-9, 250.
Forty-eight placentae of full term infants, 21 placentae from appropriate for gestational age infants (AGA) and 27 placentae from small for gestational age infants (SGA) were measured by morphometric technic using the automatic image analyzer, in order to find out the extent of fetomaternal exchange which determines the transfer of oxygen and nutrition from mother to fetus and fetal growth. The results of measurement correlated well both with infant birth weight and placental weight. They demonstrated striking quantitative differences when the placentae of SGA were compared with those of AGA. The placenta weights in the group of SGA were notably less than those in the group of AGA. It seems that low birth weight relates to low functional tissue mass of placenta. This reduction of functional tissue is accompanied by diminution of the area for exchange between mother and fetus, both at the villous surface area and at fetal capillary surface area. Thus, the ability of transferring oxygen and nutrition from mother to fetus is curtailed. The results show that the rate of fetal growth is limited by placental function as well as its weight.
为了弄清楚决定氧气和营养物质从母体向胎儿传递以及胎儿生长的母婴交换程度，使用自动图像分析仪通过形态测量技术对48例足月婴儿的胎盘进行了测量，其中21例来自适于胎龄儿（AGA），27例来自小于胎龄儿（SGA）。测量结果与婴儿出生体重和胎盘重量均具有良好的相关性。当比较SGA的胎盘与AGA的胎盘时，结果显示出显著的数量差异。SGA组的胎盘重量明显低于AGA组。低出生体重似乎与胎盘功能组织质量低有关。这种功能组织的减少伴随着母婴之间交换面积的减小，包括绒毛表面积和胎儿毛细血管表面积。因此，从母体向胎儿传递氧气和营养物质的能力受到了限制。结果表明，胎儿生长速率受胎盘功能及其重量的限制。
