Miller Elizabeth
Immunisation Division, Public Health Laboratory Service, 61 Colindale Avenue, London NW9 5EQ, UK.
Semin Pediatr Infect Dis. 2003 Jul;14(3):199-206. doi: 10.1016/s1045-1870(03)00034-7.
The measles-mumps-rubella (MMR) vaccine has been postulated to cause a form of autism characterized by regression and bowel symptoms, and onset occurring shortly after vaccination. It is also claimed that, as a result, there has been a dramatic increase in autism prevalence. These hypotheses have now been tested in a number of epidemiologic studies that are reviewed in this article. None has found any evidence of the existence of a phenotypically distinct form of autism in children who received the MMR vaccine or of a clustering of onset symptoms in children who are autistic after receiving the MMR vaccine. There is no proof that the overall risk of autism is higher in children who were vaccinated with MMR or of an increase in autism prevalence associated with the use of the MMR vaccine. No epidemiologic evidence suggests an association between MMR vaccination and autism. Moreover, epidemiologic evidence against such an association is compelling.
麻疹、腮腺炎、风疹(MMR)疫苗被推测会引发一种以退化和肠道症状为特征的自闭症,且发病于接种疫苗后不久。还有人声称,因此自闭症患病率急剧上升。本文回顾了多项流行病学研究,对这些假设进行了验证。没有任何一项研究发现,接种MMR疫苗的儿童中存在表型明显不同的自闭症形式的证据,也没有发现接种MMR疫苗后患自闭症的儿童出现症状聚集的证据。没有证据证明接种MMR疫苗的儿童患自闭症的总体风险更高,也没有证据表明使用MMR疫苗会导致自闭症患病率上升。没有流行病学证据表明MMR疫苗接种与自闭症之间存在关联。此外,反对这种关联的流行病学证据令人信服。