Michalke Bernhard
GSF National Research Center for Environment and Health, Ingolstaedter Landstr. 1, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany.
Ecotoxicol Environ Saf. 2003 Sep;56(1):122-39. doi: 10.1016/s0147-6513(03)00056-3.
This paper gives definitions related to element speciation and the reasons for the need for speciation. The problems focused on, involve sampling, sample preparation and storage, as well as changes in species information that occur during the use of various separation technologies. However, the potential and advantages of the separation methods in element speciation are also discussed. In addition, problems arising during element detection that are attributable to analytes or mobile-phase composition are outlined, as well as the pronounced advantages of detection by inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). The combination of the various separation systems with element- or molecule-specific detectors creates problems especially in element speciation. These difficulties are described along with recent developments for overcoming them or for improving their coupling efficiency. Finally, several elements for which the issue of speciation is important are discussed, with examples from some recent publications on arsenic, selenium and iodine speciation.
本文给出了与元素形态相关的定义以及形态分析需求的原因。所关注的问题包括采样、样品制备与储存，以及在使用各种分离技术过程中发生的物种信息变化。然而，也讨论了元素形态分析中分离方法的潜力和优势。此外，概述了由于分析物或流动相组成而在元素检测过程中出现的问题，以及电感耦合等离子体质谱（ICP-MS）检测的显著优势。各种分离系统与元素或分子特异性检测器的结合在元素形态分析中尤其会产生问题。描述了这些困难以及最近为克服它们或提高其耦合效率所取得的进展。最后，讨论了几个形态分析问题很重要的元素，并列举了一些近期关于砷、硒和碘形态分析的出版物中的例子。
