Whiteman David C, Brown Robyn M, Purdie David M, Hughes Maria-Celia
Division of Population Studies and Human Genetics Queensland Institute of Medical Research, PO Royal Brisbane Hospital, Queensland, Australia.
Int J Cancer. 2003 Oct 10;106(6):930-3. doi: 10.1002/ijc.11293.
Sunlight is the principal environmental cause of melanoma and has also been implicated in the pathogenesis of melanocytic naevi. Epidemiological evidence indicates that childhood is a period during which melanocytes are susceptible to the effects of sunlight, yet little is known about the development of naevi in infancy. We conducted a survey of child-care centres to document the prevalence and anatomical distribution of melanocytic naevi among 193 young children aged 1-3 years in Brisbane, Australia (latitude 27 degrees S). Naevi were counted on all skin surfaces except for the scalp, buttocks and genitalia. Overall, almost 90% of children in the study sample had at least 1 naevus of any size, and more than 30% of children had 10 or more naevi. Total naevus counts ranged from 0 to 45 and were strongly determined by age. When taken together, naevus densities were highest on exposed body sites such as the face and limbs; however the density of large naevi (> or = 5 mm) was significantly higher on the trunk than on the face, neck and ears. These data support the concept that melanocytic neoplasia commences early in life and that naevus evolution is influenced by the anatomical site of the target cell.
阳光是黑色素瘤主要的环境致病因素，也与黑素细胞痣的发病机制有关。流行病学证据表明，儿童时期黑素细胞易受阳光影响，然而对于婴儿期痣的发展却知之甚少。我们对澳大利亚布里斯班（南纬27度）193名1至3岁幼儿的日托中心进行了一项调查，以记录黑素细胞痣的患病率和解剖分布。除头皮、臀部和生殖器外，对所有皮肤表面的痣进行计数。总体而言，研究样本中近90%的儿童至少有1个任何大小的痣，超过30%的儿童有10个或更多的痣。痣的总数在0至45之间，且受年龄的强烈影响。综合来看，痣密度在面部和四肢等暴露身体部位最高；然而，躯干上大痣（≥5毫米）的密度明显高于面部、颈部和耳部。这些数据支持黑素细胞肿瘤在生命早期就开始的概念，并且痣的演变受靶细胞解剖部位的影响。
