Trigatti Bernardo L, Krieger Monty, Rigotti Attilio
Department of Biochemistry, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.
Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. 2003 Oct 1;23(10):1732-8. doi: 10.1161/01.ATV.0000091363.28501.84. Epub 2003 Aug 14.
The scavenger receptor class B type I (SR-BI) was the first molecularly well-defined cell-surface HDL receptor to be described. SR-BI mediates selective HDL cholesterol uptake by formation of a productive lipoprotein/receptor complex, which requires specific structural domains and conformation states of apolipoprotein A-I present in HDL particles. SR-BI is abundantly expressed in several tissues, including the liver, where its expression is regulated by various mechanisms, including the transcriptional activity of nuclear receptors. The importance of SR-BI in overall HDL cholesterol metabolism and its antiatherogenic activity in vivo has been definitively established by SR-BI gene manipulation in mice. Remarkably, SR-BI/apolipoprotein E double-knockout mice develop complex coronary artery disease, myocardial infarction, and heart failure. Additional studies should help to define the importance of SR-BI in human health and disease.
I型B类清道夫受体（SR-BI）是首个在分子水平上被明确描述的细胞表面高密度脂蛋白（HDL）受体。SR-BI通过形成有效的脂蛋白/受体复合物介导选择性HDL胆固醇摄取，这需要HDL颗粒中载脂蛋白A-I的特定结构域和构象状态。SR-BI在包括肝脏在内的多种组织中大量表达，其表达在肝脏受多种机制调节，包括核受体的转录活性。通过对小鼠进行SR-BI基因操作，已明确证实SR-BI在整体HDL胆固醇代谢中的重要性及其在体内的抗动脉粥样硬化活性。值得注意的是，SR-BI/载脂蛋白E双敲除小鼠会发展出复杂的冠状动脉疾病、心肌梗死和心力衰竭。更多研究应有助于明确SR-BI在人类健康和疾病中的重要性。
