Yamakami Iwao, Uchino Yoshio, Kobayashi Eiichi, Yamaura Akira
Department of Neurosurgery, Chiba University School of Medicine, Chiba, Japan.
Neurol Med Chir (Tokyo). 2003 Jul;43(7):334-8; discussion 339. doi: 10.2176/nmc.43.334.
The anatomy of air cells in the petrous bone was investigated using thin-slice bone-window computed tomography (CT) of 168 petrous bones in 84 patients. Air cells in the petrous bone were classified into mastoid and petrous cells. Petrous cells were subdivided into perilabyrinthine and apical cells. Perilabyrinthine cells comprised supralabyrinthine and infralabyrinthine cells. Supralabyrinthine cells were subdivided into posterosuperior, posteromedial, and subarcuate cells. The mastoid was classified as eburnated (11%) or pneumatized (89%) by the extent of the mastoid cells. The mastoid cells were classified into presinusoidal (14%), sinusoidal (44%), and postsinusoidal (42%) according to the relationship with the sigmoid sulcus. The extent of the mastoid cells was significantly correlated with the pneumatization of the petrous apex, i.e. the apical cells (p < 0.01). CT precisely depicted the complex anatomy of the air cells in the petrous bone. Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) rhinorrhea is the most common complication after skull base surgery for cerebellopontine angle tumors. Air cells in the petrous bone provide the route for CSF rhinorrhea. Therefore, CT assessment of the air cells is useful for preventing this complication.
利用84例患者168块颞骨的薄层骨窗计算机断层扫描（CT）对颞骨气房的解剖结构进行了研究。颞骨气房分为乳突气房和岩骨气房。岩骨气房又细分为迷路周围气房和尖部气房。迷路周围气房包括迷路上气房和迷路下气房。迷路上气房又细分为后上、后内侧和弓下气房。根据乳突气房的范围，乳突分为硬化型（11%）或气化型（89%）。根据与乙状窦沟的关系，乳突气房分为窦前型（14%）、窦型（44%）和窦后型（42%）。乳突气房的范围与岩尖的气化程度，即尖部气房，显著相关（p < 0.01）。CT精确地描绘了颞骨气房的复杂解剖结构。脑脊液鼻漏是桥小脑角肿瘤颅底手术后最常见的并发症。颞骨气房为脑脊液鼻漏提供了途径。因此，CT对气房的评估有助于预防这种并发症。
