Balanced scorecard investment appraisal in the water industry of England and Wales.

Previous work has shown that while most conventional investment appraisal techniques appear ill-suited for use in the water industry of England and Wales, the Balanced Scorecard (BSC) offers considerable potential as an investment decision making tool. This study accounts for much of the criticism of the BSC technique, proposing methodological changes to overcome these difficulties. A more comprehensive treatment of the modified methodology, illustrated by BSC development and application flowcharts, demonstrates how this technique might operate in practice.