Viklund Mattias J
Center for Risk Research, Stockholm School of Economics, Sweden.
Risk Anal. 2003 Aug;23(4):727-38. doi: 10.1111/1539-6924.00351.
The relationship between trust and risk perception was investigated, within and across four European countries (Sweden, Spain, United Kingdom, and France). Survey data were collected in 1996; total number of respondents was approximately 1,000 (United Kingdom and Spain), 1,350 (France), and 2,050 (Sweden). Trust was a significant predictor of perceived risk within countries, but the strength of the relationship varied from weak (Spain and France) to moderate (United Kingdom and Sweden). General trust was also a significant source of variation in perceived risk among countries, but much of the variation in perceived risk remained unexplained. Correlations between trust and risk perception also varied depending on the type of risk (i.e., nuclear risks were more influenced by trust) and trust measure (i.e., general trust explained perceived risk better than specific trust). It is concluded that trust may be an element in models explaining risk perception, but it is not as powerful as often argued in the risk perception literature.
研究了四个欧洲国家（瑞典、西班牙、英国和法国）内部以及相互之间信任与风险认知的关系。调查数据于1996年收集；受访者总数分别约为1000人（英国和西班牙）、1350人（法国）和2050人（瑞典）。在各个国家中，信任是感知风险的一个重要预测因素，但这种关系的强度有所不同，从较弱（西班牙和法国）到中等（英国和瑞典）。总体信任也是各国之间感知风险差异的一个重要来源，但感知风险的许多差异仍无法解释。信任与风险认知之间的相关性也因风险类型（即核风险受信任的影响更大）和信任度量方式（即总体信任比特定信任能更好地解释感知风险）而异。研究得出结论，信任可能是解释风险认知的模型中的一个要素，但它并不像风险认知文献中经常声称的那样具有强大作用。
