Ström Holst Bodil, Bergström Annika, Lagerstedt Anne-Sofie, Karlstam Erika, Englund Lena, Båverud Viveca
Department of Small Animals, National Veterinary Institute, SE-751 89 Uppsala, Sweden.
Am J Vet Res. 2003 Aug;64(8):963-8. doi: 10.2460/ajvr.2003.64.963.
To characterize the bacteria of the genital tract in adult cats; assess the effect of estrus, mating, and administration of progestins on those microorganisms in females; and evaluate whether results of bacteriologic culture of vaginal swabs are affected by cleansing of the vulva prior to sampling or by repeated sampling.
66 female and 29 male cats undergoing routine ovariohysterectomy or castration.
Specimens were obtained from vaginal and uterine or preputial mucosae with swabs moistened with sterile saline (0.9% NaCl) solution. In 9 cats, vaginal specimens were obtained before and after cleansing of the vulva with ethanol; in 7 female cats, 2 vaginal speci mens were obtained in immediate succession.
Aerobic bacteria were most commonly isolated from cats' vaginas and prepuces; anaerobic bacteria were isolated frequently from males (41%) but rarely from females (5%). Generally, culture results were not affected by cleansing of the vulva or repeated vaginal sampling. The bacterial population of the vaginas of cats was influenced by stage of the estrous cycle but not by mating or administration of progestins. Bacteria were not isolated from the uterus of any cat.
In cats, bacteria of the genital tract in females are predominantly aerobic; in males, aerobic and anaerobic bacteria are found. The bacterial population of the vagina is affected by stage of the estrous cycle. Pure growth of bacteria in culture of genital tract specimens is a normal finding; antimicrobials should only be administered if clinical signs of genital infection are present.
鉴定成年猫生殖道的细菌；评估发情期、交配和孕激素给药对雌性猫这些微生物的影响；并评估阴道拭子细菌培养结果是否受采样前外阴清洁或重复采样的影响。
66只雌性和29只雄性猫接受常规卵巢子宫切除术或去势手术。
用无菌生理盐水（0.9%氯化钠）溶液浸湿的拭子从阴道、子宫或包皮黏膜获取标本。在9只猫中，用乙醇清洁外阴前后获取阴道标本；在7只雌性猫中，连续立即获取2份阴道标本。
需氧菌最常从猫的阴道和包皮中分离出来；厌氧菌在雄性猫中分离频率较高（41%），但在雌性猫中很少（5%）。一般来说，培养结果不受外阴清洁或重复阴道采样的影响。猫阴道中的细菌菌群受发情周期阶段影响，但不受交配或孕激素给药影响。任何猫的子宫中均未分离出细菌。
在猫中，雌性生殖道细菌主要为需氧菌；雄性中则同时存在需氧菌和厌氧菌。阴道细菌菌群受发情周期阶段影响。生殖道标本培养中细菌的纯生长是正常现象；仅在存在生殖道感染临床症状时才应使用抗菌药物。
