Asahara K, Murashima S, Iida S
School of Allied Medical Sciences, Shinshu University.
Nihon Koshu Eisei Zasshi. 1992 Sep;39(9):696-706.
The purpose of this study is to clarify how a child's temperament and maternal perception influences the rearing environment. As the conceptual framework, we used A.J. Sameroff's transactional model and Miyake's conceptual model of mother and child. The following process was hypothesized: toddler temperament influences maternal perception, which in turn influences rearing environment under which children are developing. Questionnaires concerning toddler temperament, maternal perception and rearing environment were sent to mothers whose children were scheduled to receive 1 year and 6 months child health examinations, and results from 306 mothers and children who answered the questionnaires were analyzed. The results were as follows: (1) Child temperament showed a tendency to accord with maternal perception of how easy it is to handle him/her. (2) Maternal perception was related to rearing environment. (3) Temperamental characteristics were related to rearing environment. (4) While the influence of child temperament and maternal perception on the rearing environment was not shown to be strong, the hypothesized process of this study was supported to a certain degree. From these results, it appears that it is important to pay attention to a child's temperament as a contributing factor in the health practice of mother and child.
本研究的目的是阐明儿童的气质和母亲的认知如何影响养育环境。作为概念框架，我们采用了A.J. 萨默罗夫的交互作用模型和宫下的母子概念模型。假设了以下过程：幼儿气质影响母亲的认知，而母亲的认知又反过来影响儿童成长的养育环境。向其子女计划接受1岁6个月儿童健康检查的母亲发放了有关幼儿气质、母亲认知和养育环境的问卷，并对306位回答问卷的母亲和儿童的结果进行了分析。结果如下：（1）儿童气质表现出与母亲对其抚养难易程度的认知相符的倾向。（2）母亲的认知与养育环境相关。（3）气质特征与养育环境相关。（4）虽然未显示儿童气质和母亲认知对养育环境的影响很强，但本研究假设的过程在一定程度上得到了支持。从这些结果来看，在母婴健康实践中，关注儿童气质作为一个影响因素似乎很重要。
