Marafi M, Stanislaus A
Petroleum Refining Department, Kuwait Institute for Scientific Research, Safat, Kuwait.
J Hazard Mater. 2003 Jul 18;101(2):123-32. doi: 10.1016/s0304-3894(03)00145-6.
The quantity of spent hydroprocessing catalysts discarded as solid wastes in the petroleum refining industries has increased remarkably in recent years due to a rapid growth in the hydroprocessing capacity to meet the rising demand for low-sulfur fuels. Due to their toxic nature, spent hydroprocessing catalysts have been branded as hazardous wastes, and the refiners are experiencing pressure from environmental authorities to handle them safely. Several alternative methods such as reclamation of metals, rejuvenation and reuse, disposal in landfills and preparation of useful materials using spent catalysts as raw materials are available to deal with the spent catalyst problem. The technical feasibility as well as the environmental and economic aspects of these options are reviewed. In addition, details of two bench-scale processes, one for rejuvenation of spent hydroprocessing catalysts, and the other for producing non-leachable synthetic aggregate materials that were developed in this laboratory, are presented in this paper.
近年来，由于加氢处理能力迅速增长以满足对低硫燃料不断上升的需求，石油精炼行业作为固体废物丢弃的废加氢处理催化剂数量显著增加。由于其有毒性质，废加氢处理催化剂被列为危险废物，炼油厂正面临来自环境当局的压力，要求他们安全处理这些催化剂。有几种替代方法，如金属回收、再生和再利用、填埋处置以及以废催化剂为原料制备有用材料，可用于解决废催化剂问题。本文综述了这些选择的技术可行性以及环境和经济方面。此外，本文还介绍了在本实验室开发的两个实验室规模的工艺细节，一个用于废加氢处理催化剂的再生，另一个用于生产不可浸出的合成集料材料。
