Matsuhira T, Yamashita K, Yasuda M
Department of Otolaryngology, Kanazawa Medical University, Ishikawa, Japan.
Br J Audiol. 1992 Dec;26(6):387-95. doi: 10.3109/03005369209076663.
To correct for the influence of recruitment when the loudness of tinnitus is measured by a balance test in an ear with sensorineural hearing loss, an averaged loudness function was devised, which converts the sensation level (SL) of tinnitus into an estimate of the effective loudness level. This is essentially the same as a phon scale except for the difference in reference level, and is defined as the equivalent SL of the tinnitus as if measured in an ear with a bone-conduction threshold of 0 dB HL at a frequency between 500 Hz and 4000 Hz. Using this function, the median estimated loudness of tinnitus from 301 randomly selected patients was 15 dB 'effective loudness level' with a maximum of more than 60 dB. A nomogram was made for clinical use to determine the effective loudness level easily from the SL of tinnitus and the bone-conduction HTL of the test ear. Although somewhat approximate, the effective loudness level is considered to be an unbiased loudness estimate of tinnitus under the condition that only the SL of tinnitus and the bone-conduction HTL are available, and makes it easier to appreciate the actual loudness compared with a complex loudness unit such as on the sone scale.
为校正感音神经性听力损失耳通过平衡试验测量耳鸣响度时招募因素的影响，设计了一种平均响度函数，该函数将耳鸣的感觉级（SL）转换为有效响度级的估计值。除参考水平不同外，这本质上与方量表相同，定义为耳鸣的等效SL，就好像是在频率为500 Hz至4000 Hz时骨导阈值为0 dB HL的耳中测量的一样。使用该函数，从301名随机选择的患者中得出的耳鸣估计响度中位数为15 dB“有效响度级”，最大值超过60 dB。制作了一张列线图供临床使用，以便根据耳鸣的SL和测试耳的骨导听力阈值轻松确定有效响度级。尽管有些近似，但有效响度级被认为是在仅可获得耳鸣的SL和骨导听力阈值的情况下对耳鸣响度的无偏估计，并且与诸如宋量表等复杂响度单位相比，更容易理解实际响度。
