McCurdy Stephen A, Samuels Steven J, Carroll Daniel J, Beaumont James J, Morrin Lynne A
Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, University of California-Davis, One Shields Avenue, Davis, CA 95616-8638, USA.
Am J Ind Med. 2003 Sep;44(3):225-35. doi: 10.1002/ajim.10272.
Agriculture is among the most hazardous industries in the United States.
A longitudinal study of injury among migrant Hispanic farm workers residing in six Northern California Migrant Family Housing Centers (MHCs) during the 1997 harvest season was conducted. Participants completed an initial interviewer-administered work-and-health questionnaire at the beginning of the harvest season addressing the preceding year; there were three periodic follow-up surveys.
There were 1,201 adult farm workers (participation 85.2%) who completed the initial questionnaire. Of these, 837 (69.7%) completed the final follow-up survey. There were 86 agricultural injuries (incidence 9.3/100 full-time equivalent employees (FTEs), 95% CI 7.5-11.5/100 FTE). Increased risk for agricultural injury occurred among women paid piece-rate (RR 4.9, 95% CI 1.8-12.8). Sprains and strains were most common (31%), followed by lacerations (12%).
Agricultural injury experience in this cohort is comparable to that of agricultural workers in other U.S. settings. Increased risk among women paid piece-rate suggests further study and potential policy changes regarding payment regimens. Heterogeneity of injury in this population presents a major prevention challenge. In view of high frequency of strain and sprain injuries, ergonomic interventions deserve further study.
农业是美国最危险的行业之一。
对1997年收获季节居住在加利福尼亚州北部六个移民家庭住房中心（MHCs）的西班牙裔流动农场工人的伤害情况进行了纵向研究。参与者在收获季节开始时完成了一份由访谈员管理的关于上一年工作和健康的初始问卷；进行了三次定期随访调查。
有1201名成年农场工人（参与率85.2%）完成了初始问卷。其中，837人（69.7%）完成了最终随访调查。发生了86起农业伤害事件（发病率为9.3/100全时当量雇员（FTEs），95%置信区间为7.5 - 11.5/100 FTE）。按件计酬的女性发生农业伤害的风险增加（相对危险度4.9，95%置信区间1.8 - 12.8）。扭伤和拉伤最为常见（31%），其次是撕裂伤（12%）。
该队列中的农业伤害经历与美国其他地区农业工人的情况相当。按件计酬女性的风险增加表明需要进一步研究以及可能在薪酬方案方面进行政策调整。该人群伤害的异质性带来了重大的预防挑战。鉴于扭伤和拉伤的高发生率，人体工程学干预值得进一步研究。
