Langfeldt Lori A, Cooley Mary E
Clin J Oncol Nurs. 2003 Jul-Aug;7(4):425-30. doi: 10.1188/03.CJON.425-430.
Hyponatremia is a common fluid and electrolyte disturbance in adults with cancer. Although a number of etiologies are associated with hyponatremia, the syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone (SIADH) secretion is one of the most common underlying causes. Early symptoms often associated with SIADH are subtle but, if left untreated, may progress to life-threatening seizures, coma, and death. Because oncology nurses have frequent and ongoing contact with patients, they are in an ideal position to recognize patients who are at increased risk for SIADH and those who present with early symptoms. Beginning signs and symptoms are mild and can be mistakenly attributed to other causes. This article reviews the pathophysiology of SIADH, associated risk factors, signs and symptoms, diagnosis, treatment, and nursing care.
低钠血症是成年癌症患者常见的液体和电解质紊乱。尽管多种病因与低钠血症有关，但抗利尿激素分泌不当综合征（SIADH）是最常见的潜在病因之一。SIADH早期症状往往不明显，但如果不治疗，可能会发展为危及生命的癫痫发作、昏迷甚至死亡。由于肿瘤护理人员经常与患者接触，他们处于识别SIADH风险增加患者和出现早期症状患者的理想位置。初始症状轻微，可能会被误诊为其他原因。本文综述了SIADH的病理生理学、相关危险因素、症状体征、诊断、治疗及护理。
