Nosé Yukihiko, Okubo Hisashi
Michael E. DeBakey Department of Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
Artif Organs. 2003 Sep;27(9):765-71. doi: 10.1046/j.1525-1594.2003.07292.x.
Individuals engaged in the fields of artificial kidney and artificial heart have often mistakenly stated that "the era of artificial organs is over; regenerative medicine is the future." Contrarily, we do not believe artificial organs and regenerative medicine are different medical technologies. As a matter of fact, artificial organs developed during the last 50 years have been used as a bridge to regeneration. The only difference between regenerative medicine and artificial organs is that artificial organs for the bridge to regeneration promote tissue regeneration in situ, instead of outside the body (for example, vascular prostheses, neuroprostheses, bladder substitutes, skin prostheses, bone prostheses, cartilage prostheses, ligament prostheses, etc.). All of these artificial organs are successful because tissue regeneration over a man-made prosthesis is established inside the patient's body (artificial organs to support regeneration). Another usage of the group of artificial organs for the bridge to regeneration is to sustain the functions of the patient's diseased organs during the regeneration process of the body's healthy tissues and/or organs. This particular group includes artificial kidney, hepatic assist, respiratory assist, and circulatory assist. Proof of regeneration of these healthy tissues and/or organs is demonstrated in the short-term recovery of end-stage organ failure patients (artificial organs for bridge to regeneration). A third group of artificial organs for the bridge to regeneration accelerates the regenerating process of the patient's healthy tissues and organs. This group includes neurostimulators, artificial blood (red cells) blood oxygenators, and plasmapheresis devices, including hemodiafiltrators. So-called "therapeutic artificial organs" fall into this category (artificial organs to accelerate regeneration). Thus, almost all of today's artificial organs are useful in the bridge to regeneration of healthy natural tissues and organs. It does not matter whether these tissues are cultivated inside or outside the patient's body. Thus, we strongly believe in the need for joint development programs between artificial organ technologies and regenerative medicine technologies. In particular, the importance of using both man-made substitute organ technologies and natural tissue-derived substitute organ technologies is stressed for improved medical care in the future.
“人工器官的时代已经结束；再生医学才是未来。”相反，我们认为人工器官和再生医学并非不同的医疗技术。事实上，过去50年研发的人工器官一直被用作再生的桥梁。再生医学与人工器官的唯一区别在于，用于再生桥梁的人工器官能促进原位组织再生，而非体外再生（例如血管假体、神经假体、膀胱替代物、皮肤假体、骨假体、软骨假体、韧带假体等）。所有这些人工器官都很成功，因为在患者体内人造假体上建立了组织再生（支持再生的人工器官）。用于再生桥梁的这组人工器官的另一个用途是在身体健康组织和/或器官的再生过程中维持患者患病器官的功能。这一特定组包括人工肾、肝脏辅助装置、呼吸辅助装置和循环辅助装置。这些健康组织和/或器官再生的证据体现在终末期器官衰竭患者的短期康复中（用于再生桥梁的人工器官）。用于再生桥梁的第三组人工器官加速了患者健康组织和器官的再生过程。这一组包括神经刺激器、人工血液（红细胞）、血液氧合器以及包括血液透析滤过器在内的血浆置换装置。所谓的“治疗性人工器官”属于这一类别（加速再生的人工器官）。因此，当今几乎所有的人工器官在健康天然组织和器官的再生桥梁中都很有用。这些组织是在患者体内还是体外培养并不重要。因此，我们坚信人工器官技术和再生医学技术联合开发项目的必要性。特别是，强调了同时使用人造替代器官技术和天然组织衍生替代器官技术对于未来改善医疗护理的重要性。
