Hick John L, Penn Paul, Hanfling Dan, Lappe Mark A, O'laughlin Dan, Burstein Jonathan L
Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Minnesota, and the Hennepin County Medical Center, Minneapolis, MN 55415, USA.
Ann Emerg Med. 2003 Sep;42(3):381-90. doi: 10.1016/s0196-0644(03)00442-6.
Recent terrorist events, changes in Joint Commission on Accreditation of Healthcare Organizations requirements, and availability of grant funding have focused health care facility attention on emergency preparedness. Health care facilities have historically been underprepared for contaminated patients presenting to their facilities. These incidents must be properly managed to reduce the health risks to the victims, providers, and facility. A properly equipped and well-trained health care facility team is a prerequisite for rapid and effective decontamination response. This article reviews Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) training requirements for personnel involved with decontamination responses, as well as issues of team selection and training. Sample OSHA operations-level training curricula tailored to the health care environment are outlined. Initial and ongoing didactic and practical training can be implemented by the health care facility to ensure effective response when contaminated patients arrive seeking emergency medical care.
近期的恐怖事件、医疗保健组织认证联合委员会要求的变化以及拨款资金的可得性，已将医疗保健机构的注意力集中在应急准备上。从历史上看，医疗保健机构对前来就诊的受污染患者准备不足。必须妥善管理这些事件，以降低对受害者、医护人员和机构的健康风险。一支装备精良且训练有素的医疗保健机构团队是快速有效去污应对的先决条件。本文回顾了职业安全与健康管理局（OSHA）对参与去污应对人员的培训要求，以及团队选拔和培训问题。概述了针对医疗保健环境量身定制的OSHA操作层面培训课程示例。医疗保健机构可实施初始和持续的理论与实践培训，以确保在受污染患者前来寻求紧急医疗护理时能做出有效应对。
