Louis R
Service de Pneumologie, CHU Sart Tilman, Liège.
Rev Med Liege. 2003 Jun;58(6):392-5.
In developed countries, the prevalence of tuberculosis has evolved in an opposite direction as to the one of allergy over the last century. The immunological response is mainly Th1 in tuberculosis while it features a Th2 pattern in allergy. Vaccination with BCG in early life is associated with a reduction in the prevalence of allergy later in childhood. In an experimental mouse model of asthma, administration of BCG or killed Mycobacterium vaccae inhibits the sensitisation process as well as the bronchial inflammation and hyperresponsiveness that follows allergen exposure. In children and adolescents suffering from atopic dermatitis, subcutaneous injection of killed Mycobacterium vaccae attenuates the severity of skin lesions.
在发达国家，上个世纪结核病的患病率与过敏症的患病率呈相反方向演变。结核病中的免疫反应主要是Th1型，而过敏症的免疫反应则以Th2型为特征。儿童早期接种卡介苗与儿童后期过敏症患病率的降低有关。在哮喘的实验小鼠模型中，接种卡介苗或注射灭活的母牛分枝杆菌可抑制致敏过程以及过敏原暴露后随之而来的支气管炎症和高反应性。在患有特应性皮炎的儿童和青少年中，皮下注射灭活的母牛分枝杆菌可减轻皮肤病变的严重程度。
