Gaffield Stephen J, Goo Robert L, Richards Lynn A, Jackson Richard J
Office of Children's Health Protection, US Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, DC, USA.
Am J Public Health. 2003 Sep;93(9):1527-33. doi: 10.2105/ajph.93.9.1527.
This study investigated the scale of the public health risk from stormwater runoff caused by urbanization.
We compiled turbidity data for municipal treated drinking water as an indication of potential risk in selected US cities and compared estimated costs of waterborne disease and preventive measures.
Turbidity levels in other US cities were similar to those linked to illnesses in Milwaukee, Wis, and Philadelphia, Pa. The estimated annual cost of waterborne illness is comparable to the long-term capital investment needed for improved drinking water treatment and stormwater management.
Although additional data on cost and effectiveness are needed, stormwater management to minimize runoff and associated pollution appears to make sense for protecting public health at the least cost.
本研究调查了城市化导致的雨水径流所带来的公共卫生风险规模。
我们收集了美国部分城市经过处理的市政饮用水的浊度数据，以此作为潜在风险的指标，并比较了水源性疾病及预防措施的估计成本。
美国其他城市的浊度水平与威斯康星州密尔沃基市和宾夕法尼亚州费城与疾病相关的浊度水平相似。水源性疾病的估计年度成本与改善饮用水处理和雨水管理所需的长期资本投资相当。
尽管还需要关于成本和效益的更多数据，但为尽量减少径流及相关污染而进行的雨水管理，似乎是以最低成本保护公众健康的合理做法。
