Ajayi I O, Akinyinka O O
General Outpatients Department, University College Hospital, Ibadan, Nigeria.
Afr J Med Med Sci. 1999 Mar-Jun;28(1-2):59-63.
Height for age, weight for age, and weight for height as indices of nutritional status were evaluated in 1309 pupils from different socioeconomic classes in Ibadan, Nigeria. The data obtained were compared with United States National Centre for Health Statistics (NCHS) reference population. When all the pupils studies were considered together 46.1%, 44.3% and 12.7 percent of the pupils were underweight, stunted and wasted, respectively. Both stunting and wasting were observed in 7.2% of the overall population. Only 0.6% were overweight. Generally, the proportion of stunting, underweight, wasting and both stunting and wasting increased as socioeconomic status declined, but the prevalence of overweight was higher in the 2 upper socioeconomic status schools. When all pupils were considered based on sex and irrespective of school types, significantly more male (49.5%) than female (37.4%) pupils suffered from stunting (P < 0.0001), wasting (13.8% versus 11.1% P < 0.01) and underweight (54.3% versus 35.5%: P < 0.0001). More females were overweight than males though this did not reach statistical levels (P > 0.05.) The prevalence of malnutrition in this study was higher that of previous studies in this environment, which may be a reflection of the deteriorating economic situation of Nigeria.
在尼日利亚伊巴丹不同社会经济阶层的1309名学生中，评估了年龄别身高、年龄别体重和身高别体重作为营养状况指标的情况。将获得的数据与美国国家卫生统计中心（NCHS）的参考人群进行了比较。当把所有参与研究的学生放在一起考虑时，分别有46.1%、44.3%和12.7%的学生体重不足、发育迟缓以及消瘦。在总人口中，7.2%的人同时存在发育迟缓和消瘦的情况。只有0.6%的学生超重。总体而言，随着社会经济地位的下降，发育迟缓、体重不足、消瘦以及同时存在发育迟缓和消瘦的比例有所上升，但在社会经济地位较高的两所学校中，超重的患病率更高。当根据性别对所有学生进行考虑且不考虑学校类型时，男性学生（49.5%）比女性学生（37.4%）在发育迟缓（P<0.0001）、消瘦（分别为13.8%和11.1%，P<0.01）和体重不足（分别为54.3%和35.5%：P<0.0001）方面的情况更为严重。超重的女性比男性多，不过这未达到统计学水平（P>0.05）。本研究中营养不良的患病率高于该环境下之前的研究，这可能反映了尼日利亚经济状况的恶化。
