Chemopreventive effect of garlic powder diet in diethylnitrosamine-induced rat hepatocarcinogenesis.

This study was conducted to examine the effects of dietary garlic powder at the different levels on preneoplastic foci formation and glutathione (GSH)-dependent detoxifying enzyme activities in rat hepatocarcinogenesis. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were fed with garlic powder supplemented diets (0, 0.5, 2.0 or 5.0%) for 11 weeks, and induced hepatocarcinogenesis by diethylnitrosamine (DEN) and two-thirds partial hepatectomy in medium-term bioassay system. The 2.0 and 5.0% garlic powder diets suppressed the formation of placental GSH S-transferase positive (GST-P(+)) foci in number (49.7 and 63.1% of DEN-treated control group, respectively) and area (44.2 and 63.9% of DEN-treated control group, respectively). Total GSH content in 2.0% garlic powder diet group was 1.2 fold higher than that in DEN-treated control group. GSH S-transferase activity of 2.0% garlic powder diet group was lower than that in DEN-treated control group, and GSH peroxidase (GPx) activity was significantly increased by garlic powder diets (83 and 164% of DEN-treated control group, respectively). GSH reductase activity, however, did not show a noticeable difference among groups. Therefore, the suppression of GST-P(+) foci formation by garlic powder diets could be partly affected by the increase of total GSH content and GPx activity.