Schöne F, Lüdke H, Schneider A, Zander R, Hennig A
Agrarwissenschaftliche Fakultät, Wissenschaftsbereich Tierernährungschemie, Universität Leipzig.
Arch Tierernahr. 1992;42(1):11-24. doi: 10.1080/17450399209428525.
In two digestibility and N-balance experiments the following solvent extracted meals were examined in a grain (barley and wheat in equal parts) or in a starch diet with four female pigs/group fitted with urethra catheters during the 5 days sampling period: 48% soyabean meal (SBM) (1), 24% conventional rapeseed meal (RSM) (2), 24 (3) or 48% (4) RSM from a newly bred low glucosinolate variety, groups 1 to 4 with grain, 48% low glucosinolate RSM (5) or 48% SBM (6) both with starch. In numeric order of the groups 88, 85, 86, 84, 79 and 89% N were digested. Pigs responded to the additional faecal N excretion from RSM diets by a lower urinary N excretion and thus they reached the N-balance of the animals fed on SBM. In numeric order of the groups 86, 79, 80, 73, 73 and 92% of the organic matter of the solvent extracted meals were digested. In comparison with SBM even 48% RSM in the feed significantly lowered the digestibility of organic matter. Using detergents the additional faecal organic matter excretion of RSM versus SBM could quantified as two third lignin. In the case of 24% RSM in the diet--i.e. 15% of the carbohydrates given--the carbohydrate digestibility is estimated with a high error, that an energetic feed value should not calculated. Investigating 48% SBM or RSM respectively in a grain diet the net energy content was 9.8 MJ (666 Energetic Feed Units, EFU pig) or 8.3 MJ (569 EFU pig)/kg dry matter (DM). Based on the starch diet, however, little relevant for estimation of normal pig diets, there were evaluated 10.6 MJ (720 EFU pig) for SBM and 8.3 MJ (567 EFU pig) net energy/kg DM for RSM.
在两项消化率和氮平衡实验中，对以下溶剂萃取粕进行了检测。在5天的采样期内，每组4头装有尿道导管的雌性猪被饲喂谷物（大麦和小麦各占一半）或淀粉日粮，并分别使用以下粕类：48%豆粕（SBM）（第1组）、24%传统菜籽粕（RSM）（第2组）、24%（第3组）或48%（第4组）新培育的低硫代葡萄糖苷品种的菜籽粕，第1至4组喂谷物；48%低硫代葡萄糖苷菜籽粕（第5组）或48%豆粕（第6组），两组均喂淀粉。按组号顺序，氮消化率分别为88%、85%、86%、84%、79%和89%。猪对菜籽粕日粮额外的粪便氮排泄的反应是尿液氮排泄减少，因此它们达到了饲喂豆粕的动物的氮平衡。按组号顺序，溶剂萃取粕的有机物消化率分别为86%、79%、80%、73%、73%和92%。与豆粕相比，即使饲料中含有48%的菜籽粕也会显著降低有机物的消化率。使用洗涤剂可将菜籽粕相对于豆粕额外的粪便有机物排泄量量化为三分之二的木质素。日粮中含有24%菜籽粕时，即占所提供碳水化合物的15%，碳水化合物消化率的估计误差很大，因此不应计算其能量饲料价值。分别在谷物日粮中研究48%的豆粕或菜籽粕时，净能量含量为9.8兆焦（666猪能量饲料单位，EFU）或8.3兆焦（569 EFU猪）/千克干物质（DM）。然而，基于淀粉日粮（这对正常猪日粮的估计几乎没有相关性），豆粕的净能量评估为10.6兆焦（720 EFU猪），菜籽粕的净能量为8.3兆焦（567 EFU猪）/千克DM。
