Gmitrowicz Agnieszka, Szymczak Wieslaw, Kotlicka-Antczak Magdalena, Rabe-Jabłońska Jolanta
Department of Psychiatry, Medical University of Lodz, Czechoslowacka Street 8/10, 92-216 Lodz, Poland.
Int J Adolesc Med Health. 2003 Apr-Jun;15(2):113-24. doi: 10.1515/ijamh.2003.15.2.113.
The objective of our study was to assess the prevalence and possible predictors of suicide attempts and ideation in the school population of adolescents in the city of Lodz.
A self-administered anonymous questionnaire was distributed to a representative (random) sample of 1,663 students, aged 14 to 21 years. Adolescents reporting no suicide behaviour constitute the control group; characteristics of this group were compared to those of the group concerned, with exploration of the correlation between different variables in terms of relative risk, separately for suicidal ideation and suicide attempts.
About 31% of students reported suicidal ideation (SSI), and 8%--suicide attempts (SSA). Among the factors related to the highest relative risk of suicide attempts in the examined students and differentiated SSA and SSI, the most significant factor appeared to be previous psychiatric treatment and/or psychotherapy (OR = 9), run away from home (OR = 7), suicidal deaths among relatives and friends (OR = 6), drug abuse (OR = 5), and "fascination with death" (OR = 4).
There are separate predictors of suicide attempt and suicidal ideation in Polish adolescents. Suicidal ideation as a common phenomenon (occurring in every third pupil) probably should be included into the specificity of the puberty process and considered as a separate phenomenon from suicide attempt. The presence of previous psychiatric diagnosis is most strongly related to the occurrence of suicide attempts (including those repeated), but is not related to suicidal ideation.
我们研究的目的是评估罗兹市青少年学生群体中自杀未遂和自杀意念的患病率及可能的预测因素。
向1663名年龄在14至21岁的具有代表性（随机）样本的学生发放了一份自行填写的匿名问卷。报告无自杀行为的青少年构成对照组；将该组的特征与相关组的特征进行比较，分别针对自杀意念和自杀未遂，探讨不同变量之间相对风险的相关性。
约31%的学生报告有自杀意念（SSI），8%报告有自杀未遂（SSA）。在所研究的学生中，与自杀未遂相对风险最高且区分了SSA和SSI的相关因素中，最显著的因素似乎是先前的精神科治疗和/或心理治疗（OR = 9）、离家出走（OR = 7）、亲戚和朋友中有自杀死亡（OR = 6）、药物滥用（OR = 5）以及“对死亡着迷”（OR = 4）。
波兰青少年中自杀未遂和自杀意念有各自的预测因素。自杀意念作为一种常见现象（每三个学生中就有一个出现）可能应纳入青春期过程的特殊性，并被视为与自杀未遂不同的现象。先前有精神科诊断与自杀未遂（包括反复自杀未遂）的发生最为密切相关，但与自杀意念无关。
