Walker Peter, Davies Simon J
Department of Psychology, University of Lancaster, Lancaster, England.
Mem Cognit. 2003 Jul;31(5):746-60. doi: 10.3758/bf03196113.
Object-based representations in visual short-term memory (VSTM) were examined using a change detection memory task. A display comprising two rows of four differently colored elements was followed by a probe display in which only one of the rows reappeared. On same trials, the probed row was identical to the corresponding row in the memory display. On different trials, two of the elements in the probed row had their colors exchanged. In each memory display, a task-irrelevant visual element appeared between the two rows, with the potential to function as an occluder. Performance was enhanced when perceptual completion meant that four, rather than eight, objects were perceived in the memory display and when the probe display revealed that the occluded elements continued behind the occluder. It appears that several forms of representation can co-occur to support VSTM, one of which is object based.
使用变化检测记忆任务对视觉短期记忆（VSTM）中基于对象的表征进行了研究。一个由两行四个不同颜色元素组成的显示之后是一个探测显示，其中只有一行重新出现。在相同试验中，探测行与记忆显示中的相应行相同。在不同试验中，探测行中的两个元素颜色互换。在每个记忆显示中，一个与任务无关的视觉元素出现在两行之间，有可能起到遮挡物的作用。当知觉完成意味着在记忆显示中感知到四个而不是八个对象时，以及当探测显示表明被遮挡元素在遮挡物后面继续存在时，表现会得到增强。似乎几种表征形式可以同时出现以支持VSTM，其中一种是基于对象的。
