开发一种多学科方法以确定从游乐场设备跌落时手臂骨折的风险因素。
Development of a multidisciplinary method to determine risk factors for arm fracture in falls from playground equipment.
作者信息
Sherker S, Ozanne-Smith J, Rechnitzer G, Grzebieta R
机构信息
Accident Research Centre, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia.
出版信息
Inj Prev. 2003 Sep;9(3):279-83. doi: 10.1136/ip.9.3.279.
OBJECTIVES
To present the development of a novel multidisciplinary method to investigate physical risk factors for playground related arm fracture.
RATIONALE
Previous playground injury research has been limited in its ability to determine risk factors for arm fractures, despite their common and costly occurrence. Biomechanical studies have focused exclusively on head injury. Few epidemiological studies have quantified surface impact attenuation and none have investigated specific injury outcomes such as arm fracture.
DESIGN
An unmatched case-control study design was developed. An instrumented child dummy and rig were designed to simulate real playground falls in situ. Validated output from the dummy was used to quantify arm load. Other field measurements included equipment height, fall height, surface depth, headform deceleration, and head injury criterion.
DISCUSSION
Validated methods of biomechanics and epidemiology were combined in a robust design. The principle strength of this method was the use of a multidisciplinary approach to identify and quantify risk and protective factors for arm fracture in falls from playground equipment. Application of this method will enable countermeasures for prevention of playground related arm fracture to be developed.
目的
介绍一种新型多学科方法的开发，以研究与游乐场相关的手臂骨折的物理风险因素。
原理
尽管游乐场受伤事件常见且代价高昂，但以往的游乐场伤害研究在确定手臂骨折风险因素方面能力有限。生物力学研究仅专注于头部损伤。很少有流行病学研究对表面冲击衰减进行量化，且没有一项研究调查过诸如手臂骨折等特定损伤结果。
设计
开展了一项非匹配病例对照研究设计。设计了一个装有仪器的儿童假人和装置，用于现场模拟游乐场实际摔倒情况。假人的有效输出用于量化手臂负荷。其他现场测量包括设备高度、跌落高度、表面深度、头模减速度和头部损伤标准。
讨论
在一个稳健的设计中结合了经过验证的生物力学和流行病学方法。该方法的主要优势在于采用多学科方法来识别和量化游乐场设备跌落时手臂骨折的风险和保护因素。应用此方法将能够制定预防与游乐场相关手臂骨折的对策。
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