Leite Luis G, Alves Sérgio B, Batista Filho Antonio, Roberts Donald W
Instituto Biológico, Centro Experimental do Instituto Biólogico, C.P. 70, Campinas, SP, 13001-970, Brazil.
Mycol Res. 2003 Jul;107(Pt 7):872-8. doi: 10.1017/s0953756203007974.
Entomophthorales pathogenic to insects and mites often cause epizootics in their host populations, but some have been difficult to culture in vitro and, therefore, to develop as biopesticides. Grace's insect cell culture medium supplemented with lactalbumin hydrolysate and yeastolate has allowed growth of several species which until recently were referred to as obligate parasites. The research reported here was designed to evaluate the effects of the salts, vitamins and amino acids used to prepare the insect cell culture medium on in vitro growth of Batkoa sp. and Furia sp., pathogens of the spittlebug pests of pasture and sugar-cane in Brazil, and Neozygites floridana, a pathogen of several mite species. Also, several sources of carbon and nitrogen were examined. Batkoa sp., Furia sp. and N. floridana were similar concerning their growth patterns in a basic medium with added salts, vitamins and amino acids, as well as with a combination of all three compoments. The addition of salts to the basic medium of sugars plus lactalbumen hydrolysate and yeastolate caused a significant increase in biomass production of the three fungal species. The addition of vitamins and amino acids had less effect. Batkoa sp., Furia sp. and N. floridana are similar in growth patterns in media with various sources of carbon, but different in media with different sources of nitrogen. The production of the three fungal species is significantly higher in medium containing 2.66% glucose than in medium with 2.66% sucrose. The addition of 0.1% monossacarides to media containing 2.66% sucrose did not significantly increase biomass production.
对昆虫和螨类致病的虫霉目真菌常常在其宿主种群中引发流行病，但有些虫霉目真菌难以在体外培养，因此难以开发成生物杀虫剂。添加了水解乳白蛋白和酵母提取物的格雷斯昆虫细胞培养基使几种一直被视为专性寄生菌的物种得以生长。本文报道的研究旨在评估用于制备昆虫细胞培养基的盐、维生素和氨基酸对巴西牧场和甘蔗沫蝉害虫的病原菌巴氏虫霉和富里亚虫霉以及几种螨类病原菌弗罗里达新接霉体外生长的影响。此外，还考察了几种碳源和氮源。巴氏虫霉、富里亚虫霉和弗罗里达新接霉在添加了盐、维生素和氨基酸的基础培养基以及这三种成分组合的培养基中的生长模式相似。在糖加水解乳白蛋白和酵母提取物的基础培养基中添加盐，可使这三种真菌的生物量产量显著增加。添加维生素和氨基酸的效果较小。巴氏虫霉、富里亚虫霉和弗罗里达新接霉在含有不同碳源的培养基中的生长模式相似，但在含有不同氮源的培养基中有所不同。这三种真菌在含2.66%葡萄糖的培养基中的产量显著高于含2.66%蔗糖的培养基。在含2.66%蔗糖的培养基中添加0.1%单糖并没有显著增加生物量产量。
