Harris K R, Bucens I K
Paediatric Department, Royal Darwin Hospital, Darwin, Northern Territory, Australia.
J Paediatr Child Health. 2003 Sep-Oct;39(7):528-33. doi: 10.1046/j.1440-1754.2003.00208.x.
To establish the prevalence of fetal alcohol syndrome (FAS) in the Top End of the Northern Territory (NT), Australia, in both the indigenous and non-indigenous populations. Fetal alcohol syndrome is a preventable disease that is a major cause of intellectual handicap worldwide. The prevalence of FAS in the NT, and in Australia as a whole, is unknown.
Cases were identified through retrospective review of medical records and outpatient letters of children seen by Royal Darwin Hospital paediatric staff. Cases were also identified by tracing potentially affected siblings, or incidentally during clinical work. All children were born between 1990 and 2000, and lived in the Top End of the NT.
Seventeen children were identified with definite FAS. Twenty-six children with partial FAS or alcohol-related neurodevelopmental disorder (ARND) were also identified. The prevalence of FAS in the Top End of the NT was calculated to be 0.68 per 1000 live births. The prevalence might be as high as 1.7 per 1000 live births, if cases identified as partial FAS or ARND because of insufficient records, were assumed to have full FAS. In indigenous children, the corresponding prevalence was calculated to be between 1.87 and 4.7 per 1000 live births. The difference between indigenous and non-indigenous rates of FAS was significant (P < 0.0001).
The prevalence of FAS in indigenous children of the Top End of the NT is comparable to the high rates in indigenous populations worldwide.
确定澳大利亚北领地（NT）顶端地区原住民和非原住民人群中胎儿酒精综合征（FAS）的患病率。胎儿酒精综合征是一种可预防的疾病，是全球智力障碍的主要原因。NT以及整个澳大利亚FAS的患病率尚不清楚。
通过回顾皇家达尔文医院儿科工作人员看过的儿童病历和门诊信件来确定病例。还通过追踪可能受影响的兄弟姐妹或在临床工作中偶然发现来确定病例。所有儿童均在1990年至2000年之间出生，居住在NT顶端地区。
确定了17名患有明确FAS的儿童。还确定了26名患有部分FAS或酒精相关神经发育障碍（ARND）的儿童。NT顶端地区FAS的患病率经计算为每1000例活产中有0.68例。如果将因记录不足而被确定为部分FAS或ARND的病例假定为患有完全FAS，则患病率可能高达每1000例活产中有1.7例。在原住民儿童中，相应的患病率经计算为每1000例活产中有1.87至4.7例。原住民和非原住民FAS患病率之间的差异具有统计学意义（P < 0.0001）。
NT顶端地区原住民儿童中FAS的患病率与全球原住民中的高患病率相当。
