Strano Michael S, Dyke Christopher A, Usrey Monica L, Barone Paul W, Allen Mathew J, Shan Hongwei, Kittrell Carter, Hauge Robert H, Tour James M, Smalley Richard E
Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Illinois-Urbana/Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA.
Science. 2003 Sep 12;301(5639):1519-22. doi: 10.1126/science.1087691.
Diazonium reagents functionalize single-walled carbon nanotubes suspended in aqueous solution with high selectivity and enable manipulation according to electronic structure. For example, metallic species are shown to react to the near exclusion of semiconducting nanotubes under controlled conditions. Selectivity is dictated by the availability of electrons near the Fermi level to stabilize a charge-transfer transition state preceding bond formation. The chemistry can be reversed by using a thermal treatment that restores the pristine electronic structure of the nanotube.
重氮试剂能以高选择性使悬浮于水溶液中的单壁碳纳米管功能化，并能根据电子结构进行操控。例如，在可控条件下，金属型碳纳米管几乎完全反应，而半导体型碳纳米管则基本不反应。选择性取决于费米能级附近电子的可用性，以稳定键形成之前的电荷转移过渡态。通过热处理可恢复纳米管的原始电子结构，从而使化学反应逆转。
