Croft Michael
Division of Molecular Immunology, La Jolla Institute for Allergy and Immunology, San Diego, California 92121, USA.
Nat Rev Immunol. 2003 Aug;3(8):609-20. doi: 10.1038/nri1148.
Interactions between co-stimulatory ligands and their receptors are crucial for the activation of T cells, the prevention of tolerance and the development of T-cell immunity. It is now evident that members of the immunoglobulin-like CD28-B7 co-stimulatory family cannot fully account for an effective long-lasting T-cell response or the generation of memory T cells. Several members of the tumour-necrosis factor receptor (TNFR) superfamily--OX40, 4-1BB, CD27, CD30 and HVEM (herpes-virus entry mediator)--are poised to deliver co-stimulatory signals both early and late after encounter with antigen. The roles of these molecules in initiating and sustaining the T-cell response and in promoting long-lived immunity are discussed.
共刺激配体与其受体之间的相互作用对于T细胞的激活、耐受性的预防以及T细胞免疫的发展至关重要。现在很明显，免疫球蛋白样CD28 - B7共刺激家族的成员不能完全解释有效的持久T细胞反应或记忆T细胞的产生。肿瘤坏死因子受体（TNFR）超家族的几个成员——OX40、4 - 1BB、CD27、CD30和疱疹病毒进入介质（HVEM）——在遇到抗原后的早期和晚期都准备好传递共刺激信号。本文讨论了这些分子在启动和维持T细胞反应以及促进长期免疫中的作用。
