Lavoisier P, Aloui R, Iwaz J, Kokkidis M J
Centre de Recherche sur les Dysfonctions Sexuelles, Clinique Saint-Maurice, Lyon.
Prog Urol. 1992 Feb;2(1):119-27.
Penile tumescence and rigidity are considered to be a purely vascular process related to an increased inflow and a decreased outflow. This theory, which provides a satisfactory explanation for tumescence, is unable to explain the existence of high intracavernous pressures recorded both in animals and in man. Based on a hydrostatic model, the authors distinguish two phases involving different physiological mechanisms: an infrasystolic vascular phase and a suprasystolic muscular phase. During the vascular phase, the intracavernous pressure (ICP) can never exceed the systolic blood pressure. However, during the muscular phase, the ICP largely exceeds the systolic pressure, reaching values as high as 400 mmHg in man and 1,000 mmHg in animals. These variations in ICP can be explained by the contraction of perineal muscles, particularly the ischiocavernosus muscles. Various animal and human experiments are presented in support of this hypothesis. The pressure variations exerted on the glans during coitus by the perivaginal musculature are sufficient to induce reflex contractions of the ischiocavernosus muscles, promoting penile rigidity.
阴茎勃起和坚挺被认为是一个纯粹的血管过程，与血流量增加和流出量减少有关。这一理论虽能令人满意地解释勃起现象，但无法解释在动物和人类身上记录到的高海绵体内压的存在。基于流体静力模型，作者区分了涉及不同生理机制的两个阶段：收缩期以下的血管阶段和收缩期以上的肌肉阶段。在血管阶段，海绵体内压（ICP）永远不会超过收缩压。然而，在肌肉阶段，ICP大大超过收缩压，在人类中可达400 mmHg，在动物中可达1000 mmHg。这些ICP的变化可以通过会阴肌，特别是坐骨海绵体肌的收缩来解释。文中介绍了各种动物和人体实验以支持这一假说。性交过程中阴道周围肌肉组织对龟头施加的压力变化足以诱发坐骨海绵体肌的反射性收缩，促进阴茎坚挺。
