Li J
Zhejiang Branch, Hangzhou.
Zhongguo Yi Xue Ke Xue Yuan Xue Bao. 1992 Oct;14(5):328-33.
The peritoneal stomata in sixteen human specimens were studied by SEM, TEM and ODO freeze fracture techniques. In order to prove that the peritoneal stomata are the passage ways by which ascites is absorbed from the peritoneal cavity, animal experiments were performed. The results showed that the peritoneal stomata, which were only found between the cuboidal cells, were formed by the cytoplasmic processes of nearby cells. There were no basement membranes in the peritoneal stomata or the cuboidal cells which formed the peritoneal stomata. Microfilaments were observed in the cuboidal cells. Cytoplasmic processes of mesothelial cells and networks of connective tissue were found in the peritoneal channels. These had networks which formed the floor of each stomata and the roof of each lacunae. We observed that numbers and diameters of the peritoneal stomata were increased in mice with ascites. Red cells and carbonic particles injected into the peritoneal cavity were absorbed by the peritoneal stomata. So the microfilaments of the cuboidal cells, the cytoplasmic processes, and the fiber networks in the peritoneal channels can adjust the absorptive properties of the peritoneal stomata. The peritoneal stomata are an important pathway for draining ascites from the peritoneal cavity.
采用扫描电子显微镜（SEM）、透射电子显微镜（TEM）和ODO冷冻断裂技术对16例人体标本的腹膜小孔进行了研究。为了证明腹膜小孔是腹水从腹腔吸收的通道，进行了动物实验。结果显示，腹膜小孔仅在立方体细胞之间发现，由邻近细胞的细胞质突起形成。腹膜小孔或形成腹膜小孔的立方体细胞中均无基底膜。在立方体细胞中观察到微丝。在腹膜通道中发现间皮细胞的细胞质突起和结缔组织网络。这些网络形成了每个小孔的底部和每个腔隙的顶部。我们观察到腹水小鼠的腹膜小孔数量和直径增加。注入腹腔的红细胞和碳颗粒被腹膜小孔吸收。因此，立方体细胞的微丝、细胞质突起以及腹膜通道中的纤维网络可调节腹膜小孔的吸收特性。腹膜小孔是腹腔引流腹水的重要途径。
