BREWER A F, CONDIT P K
Calif Med. 1953 Apr;78(4):293-8.
Routine serologic tests for syphilis (as required by California law governing prenatal examination) and penicillin therapy during pregnancy for infected mothers have been major factors in the prevention of congenital syphilis in California during the past ten years. In 1940 one of each 822 infants had the disease, as indicated by morbidity reports of congenital syphilis in infants under the age of one year. In 1950 the ratio was one in 8,148. To determine why congenital syphilis continues to occur, a study of the 134 cases reported over a two-year period was made with the cooperation of local health officers and practicing physicians. It showed that in 76 per cent of cases the mother did not consult a physician prior to delivery or reported so late in pregnancy that the infant was born before adequate penicillin therapy could be given. In another 15 per cent syphilis developed in the mother during pregnancy after a negative reaction to a prenatal serologic test. The other 9 per cent of cases were due to various factors, such as infectious relapse or reinfection in previously adequately treated mothers. The study indicated that most cases occur in the lower socioeconomic population groups. Seventy-four per cent of cases were in infants delivered in county hospitals.
梅毒的常规血清学检测（根据加利福尼亚州关于产前检查的法律要求）以及对感染母亲在孕期进行青霉素治疗，在过去十年里一直是加利福尼亚州预防先天性梅毒的主要因素。1940年，每822名婴儿中就有1名患有该病，这是根据一岁以下婴儿先天性梅毒的发病率报告得出的。1950年，这一比例为1比8148。为了确定先天性梅毒为何持续发生，在当地卫生官员和执业医生的合作下，对两年期间报告的134例病例进行了研究。结果显示，在76%的病例中，母亲在分娩前未咨询医生，或者在孕期很晚才报告，以至于婴儿在接受足够的青霉素治疗之前就已出生。另有15%的病例是母亲在产前血清学检测呈阴性反应后，在孕期患上梅毒。其余9%的病例是由各种因素导致的，比如先前接受过充分治疗的母亲出现感染复发或再次感染。该研究表明，大多数病例发生在社会经济地位较低的人群中。74%的病例是在县医院分娩的婴儿。
