Klein T A, Tada M S, Lima J B, Tang A T
U.S. Army Medical Research Unit-Brazil, American Consulate-Rio, APO Miami, FL 34030.
Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz. 1992 Apr-Jun;87(2):191-5. doi: 10.1590/s0074-02761992000200004.
Five patients with asexual and sexual parasites of Plasmodium vivax were treated orally with 600 mg chloroquine diphosphate (hour 0) followed with 300 mg at 8, 24 and 48 h later. Primaquine phosphate, 15 mg, was administered concurrently at h 0 and at 24 h intervals for 14 days. Anopheles darlingi were fed before the first dose (h -0.5) and 0.5, 1, 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 16, 20, 24, 36, 48, 60 and 72 h later. Mosquitoes were examined for oocysts on day 8 and for sporozoites on day 15 after infection. Four of the five patients studied were still infective to mosquitoes from 1-5 h after the first dose of chloroquine plus primaquine. One of these and one other patient, who vomited 15 min after the first dose, became infective again at hours 10 and 12, respectively. Once produced, oocysts in mosquitoes fed on patients before, during and after chloroquine plus primaquine treatment appeared normal and produced sporozoite infected salivary glands. In view of these data, it is concluded that primaquine demonstrated rapid gametocytocidal activity and should be administered concurrently with chloroquine to reduce vivax malaria transmission.
对5例感染间日疟无性和有性寄生虫的患者口服600mg磷酸氯喹（第0小时），并在8、24和48小时后分别追加300mg。同时在第0小时和之后每24小时服用15mg磷酸伯氨喹，共14天。在首次给药前（-0.5小时）以及给药后0.5、1、2、4、6、8、10、12、16、20、24、36、48、60和72小时让达林按蚊叮咬。在感染后第8天检查蚊子是否有卵囊，第15天检查是否有子孢子。在5例研究患者中，有4例在首次服用氯喹加伯氨喹后1至5小时内仍具有感染蚊子的能力。其中1例以及另1例在首次给药后15分钟呕吐的患者，分别在第10小时和第12小时再次具有感染能力。在氯喹加伯氨喹治疗前、治疗期间和治疗后以患者为食的蚊子体内产生的卵囊看起来正常，并产生了感染子孢子的唾液腺。鉴于这些数据，得出结论：伯氨喹显示出快速的杀配子体活性，应与氯喹同时给药以减少间日疟的传播。
