STREETEN D H, SOLOMON A K
J Gen Physiol. 1954 May 20;37(5):643-61. doi: 10.1085/jgp.37.5.643.
The effect of ACTH and adrenal steroids on K transport in human erythrocytes has been studied. A new method of calculation has revealed that in normal human erythrocytes the K transport is not independent of external K concentration as had previously been thought. The equation describing the relationship is, K influx (m.eq./liter cells hour) = K/(0.697 + 0.329 K) in which K refers to the plasma K concentration at the beginning of the experiment. At the physiological plasma K concentration of 4.65 m.eq./liter, K influx is 2.09 m.eq./liter cells hour; K efflux is 1.95 m.eq./liter cells hour and is independent of plasma K concentration. The effect of the infusion of ACTH and adrenal steroids on the K content of the erythrocytes was also studied. Infusions of ACTH or cortisone do not cause the expected loss in erythrocyte K content and may well cause a gain. Infusions of ACTH and cortisone decrease the rate of K influx and efflux slightly at all stages of the infusion, as measured in vitro in blood samples drawn at various times during and following the infusion. However, the erythrocytes incubated in vitro do not exhibit the same changes in K content as are found in vivo. Hydrocortisone added to normal cells in vitro also decreases both influx and efflux of K, without affecting the K content of the cells.
人们已经研究了促肾上腺皮质激素（ACTH）和肾上腺类固醇对人体红细胞钾转运的影响。一种新的计算方法表明，在正常人体红细胞中，钾转运并不像之前认为的那样独立于外部钾浓度。描述这种关系的方程式为：钾流入量（毫当量/升细胞·小时）=[钾]（π）/（0.697 + 0.329[钾]（π）），其中[钾]（π）指实验开始时的血浆钾浓度。在生理血浆钾浓度为4.65毫当量/升时，钾流入量为2.09毫当量/升细胞·小时；钾流出量为1.95毫当量/升细胞·小时，且与血浆钾浓度无关。人们还研究了输注ACTH和肾上腺类固醇对红细胞钾含量的影响。输注ACTH或可的松并不会导致红细胞钾含量如预期那样减少，反而很可能会使其增加。在输注ACTH和可的松期间及之后不同时间采集的血样中进行体外测量，结果显示，在输注的各个阶段，ACTH和可的松的输注都会使钾流入和流出的速率略有降低。然而，体外培养的红细胞在钾含量方面并未表现出与体内相同的变化。体外向正常细胞中添加氢化可的松也会降低钾的流入和流出速率，但不影响细胞的钾含量。
