Gosselink C A, Ekwo E E, Woolson R F, Moawad A, Long C R
University of Chicago Pritzker School of Medicine/La Rabida Children's Hospital, IL.
Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand. 1992 Aug;71(6):425-38. doi: 10.3109/00016349209021091.
Premature rupture of amniotic sac membranes (PROM) is associated with perinatal morbidity and mortality. A matched case-control study was undertaken to determine whether dietary habits, prepregnancy weight, and weight gain during pregnancy were associated with increased risks for PROM.
Three study groups were defined, consisting of women delivering pre term with PROM (PP), full term with PROM (FP), and pre term without PROM (PWP). Cases were singly matched by race, age, and parity with women having full term deliveries without PROM. Data were collected by face-to-face structured interviews with eligible subjects and by medical records abstraction.
Conditional multiple logistic regression indicated that during pregnancy, PP cases were significantly more likely to have gained less than 21 pounds (9.5 kg) (OR = 2.7, CI = 1.14-6.36) and were only half as likely as controls to have improved their diet (OR = 0.43, CI = 0.18-0.99) while controlling for cigarette smoking, urinary tract infection, chorioamnionitis, chlamydia, and a history of previous PROM. FP cases were significantly less likely than controls to have gained 31-40 pounds (14-18 kg) while pregnant (OR = 0.56, CI = 0.33-0.94) and were significantly more likely than controls to have a somewhat inadequate pregnancy diet (OR = 2.05, CI = 1.11-3.77) while controlling for a history of previous PROM. PWP cases were significantly less likely to have gained 31-40 pounds (14-18 kg) (OR = 0.42, CI = 0.21-0.84) or greater than 40 pounds (18 kg) (OR = 0.37, CI = 0.17-0.80) while pregnant or to have had adequate dairy products intake (OR = 0.60, CI = 0.36-0.99) while controlling for cigarette usage.
Maternal dietary habits, weight gain during pregnancy, and supplement intake are associated with the occurrence of both pre term and full term PROM and pre term delivery without PROM.
羊膜囊早破（PROM）与围产期发病率和死亡率相关。开展了一项匹配病例对照研究，以确定饮食习惯、孕前体重和孕期体重增加是否与PROM风险增加有关。
定义了三个研究组，包括早产伴PROM的妇女（PP）、足月产伴PROM的妇女（FP）和早产无PROM的妇女（PWP）。病例按种族、年龄和产次与足月产无PROM的妇女进行单因素匹配。通过对符合条件的受试者进行面对面结构化访谈并提取医疗记录来收集数据。
条件多因素逻辑回归表明，在孕期，PP组病例体重增加不足21磅（9.5千克）的可能性显著更高（比值比[OR]=2.7，可信区间[CI]=1.14 - 6.36），在控制吸烟、尿路感染、绒毛膜羊膜炎、衣原体感染和既往PROM病史的情况下，改善饮食的可能性仅为对照组的一半（OR = 0.43，CI = 0.18 - 0.99）。FP组病例孕期体重增加31 - 40磅（14 - 18千克）的可能性显著低于对照组（OR = 0.56，CI = 0.33 - 0.94），在控制既往PROM病史的情况下，孕期饮食略有不足的可能性显著高于对照组（OR = 2.05，CI = 1.11 - 3.77）。PWP组病例孕期体重增加31 - 40磅（14 - 18千克）或超过40磅（18千克）的可能性显著低于对照组（OR = 0.42，CI = 0.21 - 0.84），在控制吸烟的情况下，摄入足够乳制品的可能性也显著低于对照组（OR = 0.60，CI = 0.36 - 0.99）。
母亲的饮食习惯、孕期体重增加和补充剂摄入与早产和足月产PROM以及无PROM的早产的发生有关。
