Damilano G, Juárez M C, Carballal G, Arana R A
Departamento de Pediatría, Centro de Educación Médica en Investigaciones Clínicas (CEMIC), Buenos Aires, Argentina.
Medicina (B Aires). 1992;52(2):116-8.
The seroprevalence of anti-Cytomegalovirus antibodies in a selected children population was studied by an enzyme-immunoassay (ELISA) prepared in our laboratory. Sera from 207 children from middle socio-economic classes were studied. Children were divided into the following groups: Group 1: cord sera (n = 87); Group 2: children aged 13 months to 6 years (n = 54); Group 3: children aged 6-15 years (n = 66). Overall seroprevalence was 46.3%. The seropositivity and ELISA index titers for the three groups were, respectively: Group 1, 55%, mean = 2.16; Group 2, 90.7%, mean = 5.15; Group 3, 59%, mean = 2.49. Group 2 exhibited higher seropositivity (p < 0.0001) and higher index titers (p < 0.0001) than the other two groups. These results suggests that primoinfection with Cytomegalovirus in this population occurs in children aged 13 months to 6 years (Group 2). However, the high percentage (55%) of cord blood without anti-Cytomegalovirus antibodies suggests a risk for congenital infection or primary infection for those newborn who required blood transfusions or were fed with bank milk. Further studies are needed to determine the impact of Cytomegalovirus infections in populations from different socio-economic classes, in congenital infections, the prevalence of antibodies in blood banks and their frequency in immunocompromised patients.
采用我们实验室制备的酶免疫分析法（ELISA），对特定儿童群体中抗巨细胞病毒抗体的血清阳性率进行了研究。研究对象为来自中等社会经济阶层的207名儿童的血清。儿童被分为以下几组：第1组：脐血（n = 87）；第2组：13个月至6岁的儿童（n = 54）；第3组：6至15岁的儿童（n = 66）。总体血清阳性率为46.3%。三组的血清阳性率和ELISA指数滴度分别为：第1组，55%，平均值 = 2.16；第2组，90.7%，平均值 = 5.15；第3组，59%，平均值 = 2.49。第2组的血清阳性率（p < 0.0001）和指数滴度（p < 0.0001）均高于其他两组。这些结果表明，该人群中巨细胞病毒的初次感染发生在13个月至6岁的儿童（第2组）。然而，脐血中无抗巨细胞病毒抗体的比例较高（55%），这表明对于那些需要输血或食用储奶的新生儿，存在先天性感染或初次感染的风险。需要进一步研究来确定巨细胞病毒感染对不同社会经济阶层人群、先天性感染、血库中抗体的流行率及其在免疫功能低下患者中的频率的影响。
