Ricci M, Sabatini A
Laboratorio di Parassitologia, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Roma, Italia.
Parassitologia. 1992 Dec;34(1-3):53-60.
Intestinal helminths from coecum and colon were studied in 93 equidae including 40 horses, 36 donkeys and 17 mules. A total of 38 species, 36 nematodes and 2 cestodes, were identified as follows: 1) Triodontophorus serratus, 2) Triodontophorus brevicauda, 3) Strongylus equinus, 4) Strongylus edentatus, 5) Strongylus vulgaris, 6) Cyathostomum tetracanthum, 7) Cyathostomum coronatum, 8) Cyathostomum labiatum, 9) Cyathostomum labratum, 10) Cyathostomum alveatum, 11) Cyathostomum pateratum, 12) Cyathostomum catinatum, 13) Cyathostomum sagittatum, 14) Cylicodontophorus bicoronatus, 15) Cylicocyclus radiatus, 16) Cylicocyclus auriculatus, 17) Cylicocyclus elongatus, 18) Cylicocyclus nassatus, 19) Cylicocyclus insigne, 20) Cylicocyclus leptostomus, 21) Cylicostephanus calicatus, 22) Cylicostephanus poculatus, 23) Cylicostephanus minutus, 24) Cylicostephanus longibursatus, 25) Cylicostephanus hybridus, 26) Cylicostephanus goldi, 27) Cylicostephanus ornatus, 28) Cylicostephanus skrjabini, 29) Poteriostomum ratzii, 30) Gyalocephalus capitatus, 31) Parascaris equorum*, 32) Probstmayria vivipara, 33) Draschia megastoma*, 34) Habronema muscae*, 35) Habronema majus*, 36) Setaria equina*, 37) Anoplocephala perfoliata, 38) Paranoplocephala mamillana. The asterisked species are those not usually localized in the examined material. The most frequent parasites were found in all three hosts. Species 1, 4, 6, 9, 10, 12, 21, 22, 30 and 35 showed significant differences in prevalence between horses and donkeys, the mule generally having intermediate values. Multiple infections and total worm burden appear to decrease in older animals (> 15 years). Parasite associations occur mostly at random as expected from the values of the respective total prevalences. Some significant excesses on expected values were recorded but not significant deficits. The total worm burden increases with the number of parasite species and the increase appears to follow an exponential pattern.
对93匹马科动物（包括40匹马、36头驴和17匹骡）盲肠和结肠中的肠道蠕虫进行了研究。共鉴定出38个物种，其中36种线虫和2种绦虫，具体如下：1）锯状三齿线虫，2）短尾三齿线虫，3）马圆线虫，4）无齿圆线虫，5）普通圆线虫，6）四棘杯口线虫，7）冠状杯口线虫，8）唇状杯口线虫，9）唇形杯口线虫，10）泡状杯口线虫，11）父杯口线虫，12）卡氏杯口线虫，13）箭状杯口线虫，14）双冠环齿线虫，15）辐射环体线虫，16）耳状环体线虫，17）长环体线虫，18）鼻状环体线虫，19）显著环体线虫，20）细口环体线虫，21）杯状环纹线虫，22）有杯环纹线虫，23）微小环纹线虫，24）长囊环纹线虫，25）杂交环纹线虫，26）戈尔迪环纹线虫，27）饰纹环纹线虫，28）斯氏环纹线虫，29）拉氏后圆线虫，30）头状回旋线虫，31）马副蛔虫*，32）胎生普氏线虫，33）巨口德拉什线虫*，34）蝇柔线虫*，35）大型柔线虫*，36）马腹腔丝虫*，37）叶状裸头绦虫，38）乳头副裸头绦虫。带星号的物种通常不在所检查的材料中定位。在所有三种宿主中均发现了最常见的寄生虫。第1、4、6、9、10、12、21、22、30和35种在马和驴之间的感染率存在显著差异，骡的感染率通常介于两者之间。老龄动物（>15岁）的多重感染和总虫负荷似乎有所下降。寄生虫组合大多随机出现，正如根据各自总感染率所预期的那样。记录到一些预期值的显著超标，但没有显著不足。总虫负荷随着寄生虫种类数量的增加而增加，且这种增加似乎呈指数模式。
