Calabrese K da S, da Costa S C
Departamento de Protozoologia, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil.
Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz. 1992;87 Suppl 1:49-56. doi: 10.1590/s0074-02761992000500010.
Different patterns of cutaneous leishmaniasis can be induced when a challenge of alike dose of Leishmania amazonensis amastigotes in various inbred strains was applied. Two strains of mice, the Balb/c and C57BL/10J, showed exceptional susceptibility, and 10(6) amastigotes infective dose lead, to ulcerative progressive lesions with cutaneous metastasis and loss by necrosis of leg on which the footpad primary lesion occurred. Lesions were also progressive but in a lower degree when C3H/HeN and C57BL/6 were infected. Lesions progress slowly in DBA/2 mice presenting lesions which reach a discreet peak after 12 weeks, do not heal but do not ulcerate. DBA/2 mice is, therefore, a good model for immunomodulation. In attempt to determine the influence of BCG in vaccination schedule using microsomal fraction, DBA/2 became an excellent model, since it is also a non-responder to BCG. Vaccination of DBA/2 mice, receiving the same 10(6) BCG viable dose and 10 micrograms or 50 micrograms of protein content of microsomal fraction, lead to a progressive disease with time course similar to those observed in susceptible non-vaccinated C57BL/10J mice after 6 months of observation. An enhancement of infection in BCG non-responder mice suggests that use of BCG as immunostimulant in humans could be critical for both vaccination and immunoprophylactic strategies.
当用相同剂量的亚马逊利什曼原虫无鞭毛体对各种近交系小鼠进行攻击时，可诱发不同模式的皮肤利什曼病。两种小鼠品系，即Balb/c和C57BL/10J，表现出异常的易感性，10^6个无鞭毛体感染剂量导致溃疡性进行性病变，并伴有皮肤转移，且足垫原发性病变所在的腿部会因坏死而缺失。当C3H/HeN和C57BL/6被感染时，病变也是进行性的，但程度较低。DBA/2小鼠的病变进展缓慢，在12周后达到一个明显的峰值，不会愈合但也不会溃疡。因此，DBA/2小鼠是免疫调节的良好模型。为了确定卡介苗在使用微粒体组分的疫苗接种方案中的影响，DBA/2成为了一个优秀的模型，因为它对卡介苗也是无反应者。给DBA/2小鼠接种相同的10^6个卡介苗活剂量以及10微克或50微克微粒体组分的蛋白质含量，在观察6个月后，会导致疾病进展，其时间进程与在未接种疫苗的易感C57BL/10J小鼠中观察到的相似。卡介苗无反应小鼠中感染的增强表明，在人类中使用卡介苗作为免疫刺激剂对疫苗接种和免疫预防策略都可能至关重要。
