Hoorfar J, Buschard K, Brogren C H
Dept. of Animal Physiology and Biochemistry, Royal Veterinary and Agricultural University, Copenhagen, Denmark.
Diabetes Res. 1992;20(1):33-41.
Epidemiological studies show a remarkable geographical difference in the prevalence of IDDM, suggesting a role for environmental factors such as diet, infection, or stress in the etiology of the disease. Dietary modification has already been shown to be effective in the prevention of autoimmune diabetes in the BB rat and NOD mouse. We studied the effect of protein and fat source in the prophylaxis of diabetes in the BB rat. Natural ingredient rat chow was consistently associated with a high expression of the disease, whereas a casein-based, defined diet significantly inhibited the development of diabetes. Substitution of casein with raw red lentils resulted in a markedly higher incidence. This is the first highly diabetogenic defined diet in the BB rat. Neither fish oil nor soy oil enhanced diabetes expression in the BB rat. Increased amounts of soy oil also did not influence the disease process. These results suggest a central role for dietary protein source in the pathogenesis of BB rat diabetes. We speculate that plant proteins containing anti-nutrients such as chemicals, lectins, enzyme inhibitors, and nonphysiologic amino acids may initiate or hasten the pathogenesis process via beta cell stress or immune response activation.
流行病学研究表明，胰岛素依赖型糖尿病（IDDM）的患病率存在显著的地域差异，这表明饮食、感染或压力等环境因素在该疾病的病因中起作用。饮食调整已被证明对预防BB大鼠和非肥胖糖尿病（NOD）小鼠的自身免疫性糖尿病有效。我们研究了蛋白质和脂肪来源对BB大鼠糖尿病预防的影响。天然成分的大鼠饲料一直与该疾病的高表达相关，而基于酪蛋白的特定饮食显著抑制了糖尿病的发展。用生红扁豆替代酪蛋白导致发病率明显更高。这是BB大鼠中第一种高度致糖尿病的特定饮食。鱼油和大豆油均未增强BB大鼠的糖尿病表达。大豆油含量增加也未影响疾病进程。这些结果表明饮食蛋白质来源在BB大鼠糖尿病发病机制中起核心作用。我们推测，含有抗营养物质如化学物质、凝集素、酶抑制剂和非生理性氨基酸的植物蛋白可能通过β细胞应激或免疫反应激活引发或加速发病过程。
