Richter G
Dermatol Monatsschr. 1976 Jun;162(6):533-9.
After a brief discussion of the potential errors and uncertainies of statistics about etiology and epidemiology of drug eruptions the 144 cases, seen from 1968 to 1974 in our dermatological clinic, are analysed and compared with the data from the years 1957 to 1965 respectively the quantities of special drugs, consumed during one year in Dresden city. The results are: significant increase of drugs eruptions (from 0,9% in 1957 to 1965 to 1,9% in 1968 to 1974) among the hospitalised patients; absolute and relative increase of penicillin- (36,7%) and chloramphenicolreactions (21,6%) combined with a decreasing importance of sulfonamides and barbiturates among the causes of drug rashes; increase of urticarial - and decrease of fixed exanthemas: a yearly frequency of 3 to 4 clinically treated ore diagnosticated drug eruptions/100 000 inhabitants respectively 1 to 2 chloramphenicol and 1--5 penicillin-rashes/10 000 treatments. Even if only 10% of the drug eruptions are diagnosticated by us and 90% in other clinics or ambulances the frequency of penicillin-rashes merely amounts to 1 to 5%.
在简要讨论了药疹病因学和流行病学统计数据的潜在误差和不确定性之后，对1968年至1974年在我们皮肤科诊所所见的144例病例进行了分析，并分别与1957年至1965年的数据以及德累斯顿市一年中消耗的特殊药物数量进行了比较。结果如下：住院患者中药物疹显著增加（从1957年至1965年的0.9%增至1968年至1974年的1.9%）；青霉素反应（36.7%）和氯霉素反应（21.6%）的绝对和相对增加，同时磺胺类药物和巴比妥类药物在药疹病因中的重要性下降；荨麻疹增加而固定性皮疹减少：每年每10万居民中有3至4例经临床治疗或诊断的药物疹，每10000次治疗中有1至2例氯霉素疹和1至5例青霉素疹。即使我们仅诊断出10%的药物疹，而其他诊所或急救车诊断出90%，青霉素疹的发生率也仅为1%至5%。
