Ruggiero D A, Anwar M, Gootman P M
Dept. of Neurology and Neuroscience, Cornell University Medical College, New York, NY 10021.
Brain Res. 1992 Jun 26;583(1-2):105-19. doi: 10.1016/s0006-8993(10)80014-9.
Given the importance of the swine (Sus scrofa) as an animal model for human development, physiology and disease, neurons containing the epinephrine-synthesizing enzyme, phenylethanolamine N-methyltransferase (PNMT), were mapped in the medulla oblongata of neonatal swine as a first step in identifying their roles in central autonomic control. Neurons were labeled immunocytochemically by using an antiserum to PNMT raised in rabbits against trypsin-treated enzyme purified from the bovine adrenal gland. The general regional organization of neurons expressing PNMT (-like) immunoreactivity (ir) in the neonatal swine was similar to data obtained in other species and, in some aspects, more closely resembled the pattern observed in the primate brain. Immunolabeled cells appeared to be more abundant and caudally more extensive than observed in other adult animals. PNMT-immunoreactive (ir) neuronal somata, however, were largely confined to the reticular formation in the ventrolateral quadrant and the nucleus tractus solitarii (NTS) and more restricted in distribution than those expressing tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) and dopamine beta-hydroxylase (D beta H)-ir on serial transverse sections. A close correspondence was observed between the distributions of TH- and PNMT-ir neurons and processes throughout the C1 and C2 areas. However, in the C1 and C3 regions TH-ir neurons outnumbered those containing D beta H and PNMT-ir. In contrast, cell groups enriched in PNMT-ir neurons and processes were characterized by relatively weak D beta H-ir. In the ventrolateral medulla (VLM), PNMT-ir cell bodies were concentrated rostrally and extended from the caudal pole of the facial nucleus to a level posterior to the calamus scriptorius. The rostral VLM was characterized by an admixture of bipolar and multipolar primarily medium-diameter immunostained neurons. A prominent cell column (condensation) organized ventromedially to the nucleus ambiguus pars compactus (NAc). A loosely organized cluster bordered the lateral aspect of the special visceral efferent column; another smaller aggregate was located in the ventromedial reticular formation adjacent to the inferior olive. At middle medullary levels, PNMT-ir neurons formed two distinct subgroups (dorsal and ventral) interrupted by a band of precerebellar relay neurons that extended between the medial and lateral limbs of the lateral reticular nucleus of Walberg. At obex, the dorsal cell group formed a diagonal array and assumed a position dorsal and dorsolateral to the medial limb of LRN. This group was distinguished by bipolar neurons with axes of orientation directed perpendicularly to the majority of neurons in the rostal VLM or those lying near the caudal ventromedullary surface.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
鉴于猪（Sus scrofa）作为人类发育、生理学和疾病动物模型的重要性，作为确定含肾上腺素合成酶苯乙醇胺N - 甲基转移酶（PNMT）的神经元在中枢自主控制中作用的第一步，对新生猪延髓中的此类神经元进行了定位。通过使用针对从牛肾上腺纯化的经胰蛋白酶处理的酶在兔中产生的抗PNMT血清，对神经元进行免疫细胞化学标记。新生猪中表达PNMT（类）免疫反应性（ir）的神经元的一般区域组织与在其他物种中获得的数据相似，并且在某些方面更类似于在灵长类动物脑中观察到的模式。免疫标记细胞似乎比在其他成年动物中观察到的更丰富，并且在尾部更广泛。然而，PNMT免疫反应性（ir）神经元胞体主要局限于腹外侧象限的网状结构和孤束核（NTS），并且在连续横切面上的分布比表达酪氨酸羟化酶（TH）和多巴胺β - 羟化酶（DβH） - ir的神经元更受限。在整个C1和C2区域，TH - ir和PNMT - ir神经元及突起的分布之间观察到密切对应。然而，在C1和C3区域，TH - ir神经元数量超过含DβH和PNMT - ir的神经元。相反，富含PNMT - ir神经元及突起的细胞群的特征是DβH - ir相对较弱。在腹外侧延髓（VLM）中，PNMT - ir细胞体集中在嘴侧，从面神经核的尾极延伸到书写髓帆后方的水平。嘴侧VLM的特征是主要为中等直径的双极和多极免疫染色神经元的混合。一个突出的细胞柱（密集区）在内侧核致密部（NAc）的腹内侧组织起来。一个松散组织的细胞簇毗邻特殊内脏传出柱的外侧；另一个较小的聚集体位于与下橄榄相邻的腹内侧网状结构中。在延髓中部水平，PNMT - ir神经元形成两个不同的亚组（背侧和腹侧），被一条在瓦尔贝格外侧网状核的内侧和外侧肢之间延伸的小脑前中继神经元带中断。在闩部，背侧细胞群形成对角排列，并位于LRN内侧肢的背侧和背外侧位置。该组以双极神经元为特征，其取向轴垂直于嘴侧VLM中的大多数神经元或位于尾侧腹外侧延髓表面附近的神经元。（摘要截断于400字）
