Effects of adrenoceptor agonists and antagonists on cardiovascular functional parameters in rats.

The effects of intravenous administration of adrenoceptor agonists and antagonists on electrocardiographic or blood pressure (BP) functional parameters were assessed in urethane-anesthetized rats. The responses of cardiovascular functional parameters produced by these drugs included: (1) isoproterenol decreased the duration of a whole BP cycle (Wd), duration of the diastolic wave (Dd), peak amplitude of the systolic wave (SYa), amplitude of the diastolic notch (DNa), amplitude of the diastolic wave (DWa), pulse pressure (dp) and mean arterial pressure (mp) but increased the heart rate (HR) accompanied by prolonged R-R (RR) or P-P interval (PP) (2) propranolol decreased SYa, DNa, dp, mp, HR, the amplitude of the P wave (Pa) and amplitude of the S wave (Sa) but increased the duration of the QRS wave, P-R interval, duration of the R wave (Rd) and duration of the P wave (Pd); (3) adrenaline decreased HR (accompanied by prolonged RR and PP), Rd, Pa and amplitude of the T wave (Ta) but increased Pd, Wd, Dd, DNA, the time interval between aortic valve opening and closure (Dw), dp, mp, amplitude of the Q wave and amplitude of the R wave (Ra); (4) noradrenaline decreased HR (accompanied by prolonged RR and PP) and Pa but increased Wd, Pd, SYa, DNa, Dw, dp, mp, Ra and Ta; (5) phenylephrine decreased HR (accompanied by prolonged RR and PP) and Pa but increased Wd, Dd, DNa, mp and Ra; (6) phentolamine decreased SYa, DNa, DWa, Dw, dp and mp. This study illustrates the utility of the automated electrocardiogram (ECG) and BP analysis system for investigation of adrenoceptor agonists and antagonists. The use of this methodology not only reproduced most of cardiovascular functional parameter effects produced by these drugs using the conventional methodology but also realizes some new information about the drug-induced ECG or BP waveform effects.