Gray R H, Franklin S J, Reeves B C
Oxford Eye Hospital, Radcliffe Infirmary, UK.
J Pharm Pharmacol. 1992 Aug;44(8):682-4. doi: 10.1111/j.2042-7158.1992.tb05495.x.
It is well established that reduced size dilating eye drops of 1% tropicamide and 10% phenylephrine (micro drops) are effective for clinical purposes. Excellent pupil dilatation (mydriasis) is achieved and pupil constriction does not occur in response to light. In this study, the effect of micro drops of 1% tropicamide on distance and near visual recovery was compared with standard drops in a group of 20 healthy volunteers. For each person studied, one eye was selected at random to be tested first with the standard drop size, and then after a minimum of one week, the same eye was again tested using a drop of the same drug one fifth standard size. An iris photograph, Snellen visual acuity at 6 m, and reading visual acuity was obtained for each test procedure: before drop instillation and at 30 min, 1, 2 and 4 h after drug instillation. Use of the micro drops caused a small but statistically significant improvement in the rate of recovery of distance and near visual acuity. These findings, allied to the known beneficial effects of reduced systemic absorption using micro drops, lend further weight to the argument that mydriasis may be achieved more safely, with fewer side effects, and with earlier return of normal vision when reduced size drops are used. It is hoped that practical micro drop dispensers will be developed.
1%托吡卡胺和10%去氧肾上腺素的小剂量散瞳滴眼液（微滴）用于临床已证实是有效的。可实现出色的瞳孔散大（散瞳），且瞳孔对光无收缩反应。在本研究中，在一组20名健康志愿者中，比较了1%托吡卡胺微滴对远视力和近视力恢复的影响与标准滴眼液的效果。对于每一位研究对象，随机选择一只眼睛先使用标准滴液大小进行测试，然后至少一周后，再用同一药物标准大小五分之一的滴液对同一只眼睛进行测试。在每次测试过程中：滴入滴眼液前以及滴入药物后30分钟、1小时、2小时和4小时，获取虹膜照片、6米处的斯内伦视力和阅读视力。使用微滴使远视力和近视力的恢复速度有小幅但具有统计学意义的提高。这些发现，再加上已知的使用微滴可减少全身吸收的有益效果，进一步支持了这样的观点，即使用小剂量滴液散瞳可能更安全，副作用更少，且视力能更早恢复正常。希望能开发出实用的微滴 dispenser。 （此处原文“dispensers”未明确中文释义，可根据上下文灵活翻译，如“滴管”等，暂保留英文）
